Ch 2: Newton's laws
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Questions and Answers

What does Newton's second law, F = ma, state?

  • Force is inversely proportional to mass
  • Force is directly proportional to acceleration (correct)
  • Acceleration is inversely proportional to force
  • Acceleration is directly proportional to mass

Why do passengers in a car lurch forward when the vehicle suddenly stops?

  • Due to friction
  • Due to gravity
  • Due to air resistance
  • Due to inertia (correct)

In Newton's third law, what happens when object A exerts a force on object B?

  • Object A accelerates
  • Object B exerts a greater force on object A
  • Object B does not react
  • Object B exerts an equal and opposite force on object A (correct)

Why does pushing a car result in only modest acceleration compared to pushing a skateboard?

<p>Cars have a greater mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of equilibrium refer to in physics?

<p>Balanced forces on an object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Newton's laws help us in designing vehicles and structures?

<p>By modeling forces involved in the Earth's atmosphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a rocket during lift-off according to Newton's third law?

<p>The rocket exerts an upward force on the exhaust gases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for Newton's first law of motion?

<p>The Law of Inertia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's first law, what happens to an object at rest?

<p>It remains at rest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of external forces, what will happen to an object in motion according to Newton's first law?

<p>It will maintain its motion with constant velocity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle highlights the resistance of any object to changes in its state of motion?

<p>The Law of Inertia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the practical implication of Newton's first law for a spacecraft in the vacuum of space?

<p>It will continue moving indefinitely in the same direction and at the same speed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law describes the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it?

<p>Newton's Laws of Motion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Newton's first law state about objects in motion?

<p>They will move with constant velocity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the situation when no external force acts on an object?

<p>Balanced forces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Newton's second law, F = ma, quantitatively describe?

<p>The relationship between force and acceleration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does a rocket's acceleration increase during flight even if the thrust remains constant?

<p>Due to a decrease in the rocket's mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example best illustrates Newton's third law of action and reaction?

<p>A person pushing against a brick wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of equilibrium apply to objects in physics?

<p>Objects are acted upon by balanced forces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In physics, why is pushing a car more challenging in terms of acceleration than pushing a skateboard?

<p>Because cars have more mass than skateboards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor affecting the acceleration of an object according to Newton's second law?

<p>Net force acting on the object (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do passengers in a car lurch forward when it suddenly stops?

<p>Due to inertia carrying their bodies forward (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept allows us to predict weather patterns and understand climate change through modeling the Earth's atmosphere and oceans?

<p>&quot;Newton's Laws of Motion&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's first law of motion, what will happen to an object in motion if no external forces act upon it?

<p>It will continue moving at a constant velocity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Newton's first law define the state of motion of an object at rest?

<p>It remains at rest unless an external unbalanced force acts on it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of external forces, what happens to a spacecraft in motion according to Newton's first law?

<p>It will continue moving in the same direction at a constant speed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the concept of an object's resistance to changes in its state of motion as highlighted by Newton's first law?

<p>Inertia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion will an object experience if an external unbalanced force acts upon it according to Newton's first law?

<p>Change in velocity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a car suddenly stops, what physics principle explains why passengers lurch forward?

<p>Conservation of momentum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the effect of an external unbalanced force on an object's motion according to Newton's first law?

<p>It alters the object's trajectory and speed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle asserts that an object will not change its motion unless a force acts upon it?

<p>Newton's first law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes the concept that an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force?

<p>Terminal velocity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a spacecraft is moving in space without any external forces acting on it, what will happen to its motion according to Newton's first law?

<p>It will maintain its motion at a constant velocity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law of motion highlights the resistance of any physical object to changes in its state of motion?

<p>Newton's first law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Newton's first law suggest about the motion of an object at rest?

<p>The object will remain at rest forever. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the property of an object to resist changes in its state of motion?

<p>Inertia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a car experiences no forces acting upon it while moving on a frictionless surface, what will happen according to Newton's first law?

<p>The car will continue at a constant speed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept does Newton's first law illustrate about the motion of objects?

<p><em>Objects tend to move in a straight line.</em> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of external forces, what happens to an object initially at rest?

<p><em>It will remain stationary.</em> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that allows for objects to maintain their state of motion according to Newton's first law?

<p>Absence of unbalanced forces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formal expression of Newton's second law?

<p>$F = ma$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does pushing a car result in only modest acceleration compared to pushing a skateboard?

<p>The car has more mass than a skateboard (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Newton's third law of action and reaction, what is the nature of the forces between two objects?

<p>Equal and opposite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Newton's laws impact the design of vehicles and structures?

<p>They help in understanding forces acting on objects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a rocket's acceleration as its fuel burns during flight?

<p>It increases due to a decrease in mass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example best illustrates Newton's third law of action and reaction?

<p>Launching a rocket into space (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main implication of Newton's laws for understanding weather patterns and climate change?

<p>They model forces in Earth's atmosphere and oceans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Newton's third law elucidate the motion of a rocket during lift-off?

<p>By showing how exhaust gases propel it upward (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the concept of equilibrium important in various fields like engineering?

<p>It ensures no net force acts on objects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Newton's second law explain the acceleration differences between a car and a skateboard?

<p>By linking acceleration to the forces acting on objects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fundamental concept states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?

<p>Newton's Third Law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does pushing a car require more force but results in less acceleration compared to pushing a skateboard?

<p>The mass of the object affects its acceleration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of rocket propulsion, why does a rocket's acceleration increase as its fuel burns?

<p>Mass decreases, leading to a lower net force and higher acceleration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon explains why passengers lurch forward in a car when it stops suddenly?

<p>Theory of Inertia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law quantitatively describes the relationship between net force, mass, and acceleration?

<p>Newton's Second Law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the concept of equilibrium crucial in fields like engineering and architecture?

<p>To ensure a balanced distribution of forces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction' is attributed to which law of motion?

<p>Newton's Third Law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Mass times acceleration equals force' is a concise representation of which law of motion?

<p>'Newton's Second Law' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'An object at rest tends to stay at rest' is a simplified version of which law of motion?

<p>'Newton's First Law' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Resistance to changes in state of motion' best describes which fundamental concept in physics?

<p>'The Inertia Principle' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the concept of inertia as presented in Newton's first law?

<p>Inertia highlights an object's resistance to changes in its state of motion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental principle does Newton's first law illustrate regarding the motion of objects?

<p>Objects resist any change in their state of motion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that allows objects to maintain their state of motion according to Newton's first law?

<p>The absence of external unbalanced forces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Newton's first law differ in explaining the motion of objects compared to earlier beliefs?

<p>Earlier theories proposed that objects need constant force to keep moving. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best exemplifies the practical application of Newton's first law?

<p>A satellite orbiting Earth at a consistent speed in a vacuum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Newton's first law suggest about objects at rest?

<p>Objects at rest remain stationary unless an external force acts on them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's first law, what would happen if an object was set in motion on a frictionless surface?

<p>The object would continue moving indefinitely without slowing down. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of Newton's first law regarding the motion of objects?

<p>'Objects in motion tend to stay in motion' signifies inertia's impact on objects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Newton's first law contribute to understanding a spacecraft's perpetual motion in space?

<p>'A spacecraft will continue moving indefinitely' aligns with Newton's first law concepts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Without external forces acting upon it' references which critical aspect described by Newton's first law?

<p>'Objects maintain their state of motion if no forces interfere.' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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