CH 1: Newton's first, second and third laws of motion

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Questions and Answers

What is the main factor that dictates the acceleration of the elevator after accounting for gravitational pull?

  • Normal force
  • Applied force
  • Frictional force
  • Net force (correct)

According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, what happens for every action?

  • The force disappears
  • There is no reaction
  • There is an equal and opposite reaction (correct)
  • The force doubles

In action-reaction pairs, what is a common example of a reaction to a rocket's propulsion?

  • The rocket spinning
  • The rocket moving upwards (correct)
  • The rocket moving downwards
  • The rocket staying still in the air

Why do action-reaction pairs not cancel out according to the text?

<p>They act on different objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in problem-solving with Newton’s Laws approach to Newtonian problems?

<p>Identify forces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diagram should be drawn to visualize forces in problem-solving with Newton’s Laws?

<p>Free-body diagrams (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be applied to set up equations based on free-body diagrams in Newtonian problems?

<p>Newton's second law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When solving for unknown quantities like acceleration or tension, what should be used as a guide according to the text?

<p>Equations from free-body diagrams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured when using Newton's laws in systems with multiple objects?

<p>Action-reaction pairs are identified and correctly applied (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion should be considered when analyzing forces in objects moving vertically?

<p>Vertical motion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Newton's first law of motion also known as?

<p>The law of inertia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's second law of motion, what is the acceleration of an object directly proportional to?

<p>The net force acting on it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios illustrates Newton's second law of motion?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of seatbelts in vehicles according to Newton's first law of motion?

<p>To provide a force to decelerate passengers safely during a sudden stop (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mathematical equation for Newton's second law of motion?

<p>F = ma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of Newton's second law of motion?

<p>A satellite orbiting the Earth in a circular motion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inverse relationship described in Newton's second law of motion?

<p>The acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle behind Newton's first law of motion?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios does NOT illustrate Newton's first law of motion?

<p>A car skidding on a wet road after braking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the net force in Newton's second law of motion?

<p>It determines the acceleration of the object (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of drawing free-body diagrams in problem-solving with Newton's Laws?

<p>To identify all forces acting on the object(s) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Newton's Third Law, what happens when a swimmer pushes against water and moves forward?

<p>The water pushes the swimmer forward (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When solving problems involving multiple objects, what should be checked with regards to Newton's Third Law?

<p>Ensure action-reaction pairs are identified and correctly applied (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic differentiates action-reaction pairs according to Newton's laws?

<p>They act on different objects and are opposite in direction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of applying Newton's second law to set up equations based on free-body diagrams?

<p>To identify all forces acting on the object(s) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of practical applications, how do Newton's laws contribute to space exploration?

<p>By enabling precise calculations for launch, orbit, and landing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way in which Newton's laws are applied in engineering projects?

<p>By designing structures that can withstand forces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When analyzing forces on objects moving vertically, which forces should be considered?

<p>All forces including gravity, normal force, and tension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What step should be taken first in problem-solving with Newton's Laws approach to Newtonian problems?

<p>Draw free-body diagrams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured about action-reaction pairs according to Newton's laws?

<p>They are identified correctly and applied appropriately (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept explains why passengers in a car continue to move forward at the car's original speed during a sudden stop?

<p>Inertia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Newton's Second Law of Motion, what is acceleration proportional to?

<p>Mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario illustrates Newton's First Law of Motion?

<p>A book resting on a table (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What force is crucial in decelerating passengers safely in a car during a sudden stop?

<p>Frictional Force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On an inclined plane, what factor influences the acceleration of objects like a car rolling downhill?

<p>Gravitational Force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What law explains why elevators accelerate either upwards or downwards?

<p>Newton's Second Law of Motion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term represents the resistance a hockey puck sliding on ice encounters that affects its acceleration?

<p>Frictional Force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relation between the net force acting on an object and its acceleration as per Newton's Second Law?

<p>$F = ma$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic used to calculate acceleration for objects on inclined planes?

<p>Slope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept is showcased when a car rolls downhill on an inclined plane?

<p>Friction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the first step taken to solve problems involving Newton's laws of motion?

<p>Identifying forces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Newton's laws, what characteristic ensures that action-reaction pairs do not cancel out?

<p>They act on different objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a crucial factor when analyzing forces on objects moving vertically?

<p>Gravitational force and normal force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason behind the design of car safety mechanisms like airbags and crumple zones?

<p>To reduce impact forces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which force is crucial for decelerating passengers safely in a car during a sudden stop?

<p>Frictional force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In problem-solving with Newton's laws, what should be done after drawing free-body diagrams?

<p>Apply equations of motion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines the acceleration of elevators after accounting for gravitational pull?

<p>&quot;Net force&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When solving problems involving multiple objects, what needs to be ensured regarding Newton's Third Law?

<p>&quot;Action-reaction pairs are identified and correctly applied&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Net force" in Newton's second law is directly related to which characteristic in terms of its effect on acceleration?

<p>&quot;Proportional relationship&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Practical applications" of Newton's laws in engineering projects primarily focus on which aspect?

<p>&quot;Design optimization&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of seatbelts and inertia, what purpose does the seatbelt serve?

<p>Maintain the passengers' original speed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a hockey puck slides on ice, what factor directly affects its acceleration?

<p>The net force applied to it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to objects on inclined planes like cars rolling downhill according to Newton's second law?

<p>They experience components of gravitational force causing acceleration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is acceleration related to mass and net force according to Newton's second law?

<p>Acceleration is directly proportional to mass and net force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best exemplifies Newton's Second Law of Motion?

<p>A rocket launching into space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does friction play in the motion of objects on horizontal planes according to Newton's second law?

<p>Friction causes deceleration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Newton's First Law of Motion relate to passengers in an accelerating elevator?

<p>Passengers continue moving at their original speed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a car accelerates downwards on an inclined plane, what forces contribute to its motion?

<p>'frictional forces' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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