Newton's Laws and Mechanics

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Questions and Answers

A hockey puck is sliding across frictionless ice. Which of Newton's Laws best explains why the puck eventually comes to a stop?

  • Newton's First Law, due to the conservation of momentum.
  • Newton's Third Law, due to the equal and opposite reaction force.
  • Newton's First Law despite the absence of friction, air resistance or other external forces will result in slowed movement. (correct)
  • Newton's Second Law, due to the force of gravity.

A car accelerates from rest to a speed of 20 m/s in 5 seconds. If the net force acting on the car is doubled, what effect does this have on the car's acceleration, assuming the mass remains constant?

  • The acceleration will remain the same.
  • The acceleration will be doubled. (correct)
  • The acceleration will be halved.
  • The acceleration will quadruple.

Two objects, one with mass $m$ and the other with mass $2m$, are dropped from the same height. Ignoring air resistance, which of the following statements is true about their kinetic energy just before impact?

  • Both objects will have the same kinetic energy.
  • The object with mass $2m$ will have four times the kinetic energy of the object with mass $m$.
  • The object with mass $m$ will have twice the kinetic energy of the object with mass $2m$.
  • The object with mass $2m$ will have twice the kinetic energy of the object with mass $m$. (correct)

A pendulum swings back and forth. At which point in its swing is the potential energy the highest, assuming no energy loss due to friction or air resistance?

<p>At either extreme end of the swing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A closed system consists of two colliding objects. Which of the following quantities is conserved in this system regardless of whether the collision is elastic or inelastic?

<p>Momentum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A mass attached to a spring oscillates in simple harmonic motion. If the amplitude of the oscillation is doubled, what happens to the total energy of the system?

<p>The total energy is quadrupled. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A rotating object has its moment of inertia doubled while its angular velocity is halved. What happens to its rotational kinetic energy?

<p>It is halved. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the gravitational force between two objects change if the distance between their centers is doubled and one of the masses is also doubled?

<p>It is halved. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A block of wood is floating in water. What happens to the buoyant force on the block if the density of the water is increased?

<p>It remains the same. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Classical Mechanics provides an accurate description of motion under most conditions, but it begins to break down under particular conditions. Which of the following conditions would cause Classical Mechanics predictions to be invalid?

<p>Objects at speeds approaching the speed of light. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Classical Mechanics

Branch of physics describing the motion of macroscopic objects.

Mass

A measure of an object's resistance to acceleration.

Force

Interaction that can alter an object's motion.

Newton's First Law

An object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by a force.

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Work-Energy Theorem

The net work done on an object equals the change in its kinetic energy.

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Kinetic Energy

Energy of motion.

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Potential Energy

Energy due to position or condition.

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Conservation of Energy

Total energy in an isolated system remains constant.

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Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Force is proportional to the product of masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

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Density

Mass per unit volume.

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