Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation Quiz: Which Statements are True?

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What does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation describe?

The nuclear forces within an atom

The electromagnetic force between two objects

The gravitational attraction between any two objects with mass (correct)

The frictional force between surfaces in contact

How is the gravitational force between two objects related to their masses?

Directly proportional to the square of their masses

Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers

Inversely proportional to the product of their masses

Directly proportional to the product of their masses (correct)

Which term in the formula F=G(m1m2)/r^2 represents the gravitational constant?

G (correct)

m1 and m2

F

r

What is the value of the gravitational constant G?

$6.67×10^{-11}N/kg^2$ Signup and view all the answers

How is mass different from weight?

Mass refers to the amount of matter, weight refers to the force of gravity Signup and view all the answers

In which units is mass measured?

Kilograms (kg) Signup and view all the answers

What is weight in physics?

The force of gravity acting on an object with mass Signup and view all the answers

What does the acceleration due to gravity represent?

$9.81m/s^2$ Signup and view all the answers

In the formula $w=mg$, what does 'w' represent?

$w$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the force that causes weightlessness in orbiting astronauts?

The force of gravity Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, what determines the strength of the gravitational force between two objects?

The distance between the objects and their masses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a phenomenon explained by Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

The tides in the Earth's oceans Signup and view all the answers

Why do different planets have different gravitational accelerations?

Due to variations in their masses and radii Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary force responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the Sun?

The gravitational force Signup and view all the answers

If two objects have masses of 10 kg and 20 kg, respectively, and are separated by a distance of 5 meters, which of the following statements is true about the gravitational force between them?

The force is equal on both objects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining the gravitational force between two objects, according to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

The electrical charges of the objects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why astronauts experience weightlessness in space?

They are in a state of continuous free fall towards Earth Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, how does the gravitational force between two objects change if the distance between them is doubled?

The force becomes one-fourth of its original value Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following celestial phenomena is NOT explained by Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

The formation of black holes Signup and view all the answers

What causes weightlessness in astronauts orbiting Earth?

Continuous free fall towards Earth Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, why do astronauts feel weightless in space?

Being in free fall towards Earth Signup and view all the answers

What role does the gravitational force play in the motion of stars in galaxies?

Acting as a centripetal force Signup and view all the answers

How does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation explain the motion of satellites around planets?

Gravitational force acts as a centripetal force Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why weightlessness occurs when only gravitational forces act on a body?

Free fall due to gravity Signup and view all the answers

Why does the gravitational acceleration on Mars differ from that on Earth?

Variations in mass and radius Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon results from the differential force of gravity between the side of Earth nearest to the Moon and the side farthest?

Tidal patterns in Earth's oceans Signup and view all the answers

How does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation allow us to calculate the gravitational attraction between any two objects?

By taking into account both objects' masses and distance separating them Signup and view all the answers

How does weight differ from mass according to the text?

Weight is a vector quantity, while mass is scalar. Signup and view all the answers

What effect does an increase in the distance between two masses have on the gravitational force between them?

It decreases. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if their masses are doubled, but the distance between them remains the same?

The gravitational force becomes four times larger Signup and view all the answers

If the distance between two objects is tripled, but their masses remain constant, what happens to the gravitational force between them?

The gravitational force is divided by nine Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for the gravitational constant G?

N(m/kg)^2 Signup and view all the answers

If an object's mass is doubled, but its weight remains the same, what can be inferred about the acceleration due to gravity?

The acceleration due to gravity has halved Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation is correct?

It implies that the gravitational force between two objects is always attractive Signup and view all the answers

If an object is placed at a distance twice as far from the Earth's center, what happens to its weight?

Its weight is quartered Signup and view all the answers

What would happen to the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon if the Moon's mass were doubled, but its distance from the Earth remained the same?

The gravitational force would be doubled Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the relationship between mass and weight is correct?

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the gravitational force acting on that object Signup and view all the answers

If an object's mass is tripled, but the gravitational force acting on it remains the same, what can be inferred about the acceleration due to gravity?

The acceleration due to gravity has been divided by three Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary force responsible for keeping the Earth in orbit around the Sun?

The gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun Signup and view all the answers

What force causes weightlessness when an object is in free fall?

Gravitational force Signup and view all the answers

In the formula for gravitational attraction, how does an increase in the distance between two objects affect the gravitational force?

Decreases exponentially Signup and view all the answers

What role does the gravitational force play in the motion of planets around the Sun?

Centripetal force Signup and view all the answers

Which phenomenon is primarily caused by the differential force of gravity between the Earth and the Moon?

Tidal patterns Signup and view all the answers

How does the gravitational acceleration on Mars differ from that on Earth?

It is weaker due to lower mass Signup and view all the answers

Why do astronauts feel weightless in space during free fall towards Earth?

Continuous free fall towards Earth Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation in calculating gravitational attraction?

Predicting gravitational forces Signup and view all the answers

In orbital motion, what kind of force does gravitational force act as?

Centripetal force Signup and view all the answers

How does weight differ from mass in the context of physics?

Weight measures gravitational force acting on an object, while mass measures amount of matter. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of tides, what causes the differential gravitational forces between Earth and the Moon?

Differences in distance from Earth's center to Moon's center Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the gravitational force between two objects according to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

$F=G \left( \frac{m_1 \cdot m_2}{r^2} \right)$ Signup and view all the answers

If the distance between two objects is quadrupled, but their masses remain constant, how does this change affect the gravitational force between them?

Decreases by a factor of 16 Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does the gravitational constant 'G' provide in the calculation of gravitational force between two bodies?

The proportionality factor Signup and view all the answers

How does weight differ from mass in terms of their definitions?

Weight changes based on location, while mass does not. Signup and view all the answers

If one of the masses in the gravitational force equation is doubled, but the other mass and the distance remain constant, how does this doubling affect the gravitational force?

It doubles the gravitational force Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an object's weight if it is moved to a location where the acceleration due to gravity is doubled, assuming its mass remains constant?

It doubles Signup and view all the answers

Which physical quantity is represented by 'm' in the formula 'w=mg'?

Mass Signup and view all the answers

If both masses in a gravitational interaction are doubled and the distance between them is halved, what happens to the gravitational force between them?

It quadruples Signup and view all the answers

'Mass vs. Weight' refers to a distinction between which two concepts?

'Mass' refers to matter content, 'Weight' refers to gravitational force. Signup and view all the answers

CH 1: Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

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