58 Questions
What does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation describe?
The gravitational attraction between any two objects with mass
How is the gravitational force between two objects related to their masses?
Directly proportional to the product of their masses
Which term in the formula F=G(m1m2)/r^2 represents the gravitational constant?
G
What is the value of the gravitational constant G?
$6.67×10^{-11}N/kg^2$
How is mass different from weight?
Mass refers to the amount of matter, weight refers to the force of gravity
In which units is mass measured?
Kilograms (kg)
What is weight in physics?
The force of gravity acting on an object with mass
What does the acceleration due to gravity represent?
$9.81m/s^2$
In the formula $w=mg$, what does 'w' represent?
$w$
What is the force that causes weightlessness in orbiting astronauts?
The force of gravity
According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, what determines the strength of the gravitational force between two objects?
The distance between the objects and their masses
Which of the following is an example of a phenomenon explained by Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
The tides in the Earth's oceans
Why do different planets have different gravitational accelerations?
Due to variations in their masses and radii
What is the primary force responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the Sun?
The gravitational force
If two objects have masses of 10 kg and 20 kg, respectively, and are separated by a distance of 5 meters, which of the following statements is true about the gravitational force between them?
The force is equal on both objects
Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining the gravitational force between two objects, according to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
The electrical charges of the objects
What is the primary reason why astronauts experience weightlessness in space?
They are in a state of continuous free fall towards Earth
According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, how does the gravitational force between two objects change if the distance between them is doubled?
The force becomes one-fourth of its original value
Which of the following celestial phenomena is NOT explained by Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
The formation of black holes
What causes weightlessness in astronauts orbiting Earth?
Continuous free fall towards Earth
In the context of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, why do astronauts feel weightless in space?
Being in free fall towards Earth
What role does the gravitational force play in the motion of stars in galaxies?
Acting as a centripetal force
How does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation explain the motion of satellites around planets?
Gravitational force acts as a centripetal force
What is the primary reason why weightlessness occurs when only gravitational forces act on a body?
Free fall due to gravity
Why does the gravitational acceleration on Mars differ from that on Earth?
Variations in mass and radius
What phenomenon results from the differential force of gravity between the side of Earth nearest to the Moon and the side farthest?
Tidal patterns in Earth's oceans
How does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation allow us to calculate the gravitational attraction between any two objects?
By taking into account both objects' masses and distance separating them
How does weight differ from mass according to the text?
Weight is a vector quantity, while mass is scalar.
What effect does an increase in the distance between two masses have on the gravitational force between them?
It decreases.
What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if their masses are doubled, but the distance between them remains the same?
The gravitational force becomes four times larger
If the distance between two objects is tripled, but their masses remain constant, what happens to the gravitational force between them?
The gravitational force is divided by nine
What is the unit for the gravitational constant G?
N(m/kg)^2
If an object's mass is doubled, but its weight remains the same, what can be inferred about the acceleration due to gravity?
The acceleration due to gravity has halved
Which of the following statements about Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation is correct?
It implies that the gravitational force between two objects is always attractive
If an object is placed at a distance twice as far from the Earth's center, what happens to its weight?
Its weight is quartered
What would happen to the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon if the Moon's mass were doubled, but its distance from the Earth remained the same?
The gravitational force would be doubled
Which of the following statements about the relationship between mass and weight is correct?
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the gravitational force acting on that object
If an object's mass is tripled, but the gravitational force acting on it remains the same, what can be inferred about the acceleration due to gravity?
The acceleration due to gravity has been divided by three
What is the primary force responsible for keeping the Earth in orbit around the Sun?
The gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun
What force causes weightlessness when an object is in free fall?
Gravitational force
In the formula for gravitational attraction, how does an increase in the distance between two objects affect the gravitational force?
Decreases exponentially
What role does the gravitational force play in the motion of planets around the Sun?
Centripetal force
Which phenomenon is primarily caused by the differential force of gravity between the Earth and the Moon?
Tidal patterns
How does the gravitational acceleration on Mars differ from that on Earth?
It is weaker due to lower mass
Why do astronauts feel weightless in space during free fall towards Earth?
Continuous free fall towards Earth
What is the primary application of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation in calculating gravitational attraction?
Predicting gravitational forces
In orbital motion, what kind of force does gravitational force act as?
Centripetal force
How does weight differ from mass in the context of physics?
Weight measures gravitational force acting on an object, while mass measures amount of matter.
In the context of tides, what causes the differential gravitational forces between Earth and the Moon?
Differences in distance from Earth's center to Moon's center
What is the formula for calculating the gravitational force between two objects according to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
$F=G \left( \frac{m_1 \cdot m_2}{r^2} \right)$
If the distance between two objects is quadrupled, but their masses remain constant, how does this change affect the gravitational force between them?
Decreases by a factor of 16
Which factor does the gravitational constant 'G' provide in the calculation of gravitational force between two bodies?
The proportionality factor
How does weight differ from mass in terms of their definitions?
Weight changes based on location, while mass does not.
If one of the masses in the gravitational force equation is doubled, but the other mass and the distance remain constant, how does this doubling affect the gravitational force?
It doubles the gravitational force
What happens to an object's weight if it is moved to a location where the acceleration due to gravity is doubled, assuming its mass remains constant?
It doubles
Which physical quantity is represented by 'm' in the formula 'w=mg'?
Mass
If both masses in a gravitational interaction are doubled and the distance between them is halved, what happens to the gravitational force between them?
It quadruples
'Mass vs. Weight' refers to a distinction between which two concepts?
'Mass' refers to matter content, 'Weight' refers to gravitational force.
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