Newton's 2nd Law Worksheet
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Questions and Answers

What is Newton's 2nd Law?

F = M * A

What is the unit of force?

Newton (N)

If a horizontal force of 16 N is acting on a 2.0 kg object, what is the acceleration of the object?

8.0 m/s²

What force acts on a wagon with a mass of 45 kg that accelerates at 0.85 m/s²?

<p>34 N</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of force opposes the motion of an object?

<p>Frictional Force</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about gravitational force?

<p>It attracts objects toward each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation for work is W = F x D x cos(θ). Fill in the blank: W = _______

<p>Work</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you compute gravitational potential energy?

<p>PEgrav = MGH</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential energy of a 0.2 kg ball lifted to a height of 5.0 m above the ground?

<p>9.8 J</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to kinetic energy when the mass of a moving object increases?

<p>Kinetic energy increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

An object at rest tends to stay at rest until acted upon by an unbalanced force.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Newton's 2nd Law

  • Definition: Describes the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.
  • Core Equation: ( F = M \cdot A ) (Force = Mass x Acceleration)
  • Rearranged Equations:
    • ( M = \frac{F}{A} )
    • ( A = \frac{F}{M} )

Units

  • Force is measured in Newtons (N)
  • Mass is measured in kilograms (kg)
  • Acceleration is measured in meters per second squared (m/s²)

Example Problems

  • Problem Example: A 2.0 kg object accelerating at 8.0 m/s² results in a net force of 16 N.
  • Wagon Problem: A combined mass of 45 kg accelerates at 0.85 m/s², yielding a pulling force of 34 N.

Force, Motion, & Energy

  • Force: A vector that causes an object to move or change motion due to push or pull.
  • Contact Forces: Involve interaction between touching objects; examples include applied force and friction.
  • Non-Contact Forces: Operate without physical contact; includes gravitational and magnetic forces.

Types of Forces

  • Applied Force (F.App): Force exerted on an object by another.
  • Frictional Force (F.fric): Opposes motion; depends on surfaces in contact.
  • Air Resistance (F.Air): Acts against objects moving through air.
  • Tensional Force (F.Tense): Force transmitted through strings or ropes.

Work and Energy

  • Work Equation: ( W = F \cdot D \cdot \cos(\theta) )
  • Units:
    • Work is measured in Joules (J)
    • Force in Newtons (N)
    • Distance in meters (m)
  • Work Concept: No distance covered means no work done, regardless of exerted force.

Newton's Laws

  • First Law: Objects maintain their state (rest or motion) unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
  • Law of Inertia: An object's mass measures its resistance to changes in motion; more mass equals greater inertia.

Power

  • Definition: The rate at which work is performed.
  • Power Equation: ( P = \frac{W}{T} )
  • Units:
    • Power is measured in Watts (W)
    • 1 Horsepower (hp) = 746 watts

Energy Concepts

  • Potential Energy (PE): Energy stored due to position; calculated as ( PE_{grav} = M \cdot G \cdot H ).
  • Kinetic Energy: Energy a body possesses due to its motion; increases with mass and velocity.

Example Calculations

  • Gravitational Potential Energy:
    • For an object with mass 3 kg raised to a height of 10 m, ( PE_{grav} = 294 J ).
    • A 0.2 kg ball at 5 m has ( PE_{grav} = 9.8 J ).

Summary of Concepts

  • Work requires both force and movement.
  • Power measures performance speed.
  • Energy characteristics: High mass or elevation increases potential energy; motion increases kinetic energy.

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Description

Test your understanding of Newton's 2nd Law with this worksheet. The problems involve calculating force, mass, and acceleration based on given values. Perfect for students studying physics concepts related to forces and motion.

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