Newborn Lifespan and Growth Quiz
48 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What score indicates a moderately distressed infant who will require oxygen and close observation?

  • 8-10
  • 0-3
  • 10-12
  • 4-7 (correct)

What is the average weight range for a normal newborn?

  • 2500 - 3000 gm
  • 3500 - 4500 gm
  • 2700 - 4000 gm (correct)
  • 3000 - 3500 gm

What is the expected daily weight gain during the neonatal period?

  • 50 gm
  • 20 gm
  • 10 gm
  • 30 gm (correct)

How many centimeters larger is the head circumference compared to the chest circumference in a newborn?

<p>2 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal heart rate range for a newborn?

<p>120-160 b/min (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what blood pressure reading should a newborn be expected to be at birth?

<p>70/50 mm Hg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average length of a newborn?

<p>50 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a severe score indicating an infant requires resuscitation?

<p>0-2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a full term neonate refer to?

<p>An infant born between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following observations is NOT included in the initial assessment of a full term neonate using the Apgar score?

<p>Body temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What Apgar score range indicates that a neonate is in good condition?

<p>8 to 10 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex is included in the feeding and protective reflexes of a full term neonate?

<p>Rooting reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mode of heat loss involves the transfer of heat through air currents?

<p>Convection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the initial assessment of a neonate, what does a score of 2 for reflex irritability indicate?

<p>Sneeze, cough, or cry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal body temperature range for a newborn when measured rectally?

<p>36.6-37.2 °C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major system changes occur in a full term neonate immediately after birth?

<p>Increased heart rate stabilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of heat loss in infants?

<p>Assimilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a component of the initial assessment based on the Apgar score?

<p>Particle size of the umbilical cord (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical appearance of a newborn's skin on the second day after birth?

<p>Dark pink with some edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the purpose of vernix caseosa?

<p>To protect the skin from infection and hypothermia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mongolian spots are characterized by which of the following features?

<p>Bluish discoloration on the lower back (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is lanugo hair primarily observed in?

<p>Preterm babies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic of a newborn's head?

<p>Stiff with limited movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acrocyanosis in newborns is observed as?

<p>Blue discoloration of the hands and feet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary type of respiration observed in newborns?

<p>Abdominal breathing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do newborns typically void urine after birth?

<p>Within 24 hours after birth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reflex is tested by placing an infant in a supine position?

<p>Tonic neck reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant ability do newborns lack compared to adults regarding the urinary system?

<p>Capability to concentrate urine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of male genitalia in newborns?

<p>Testes are palpable in each scrotum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex is demonstrated when an infant opens their arms and fingers, typically in response to a loud noise?

<p>Moro reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of respiratory distress may be indicated by slight sternal retraction in newborns?

<p>Mild respiratory distress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is associated with female genitalia in newborns?

<p>Labia and clitoris are typically swollen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes caput succedaneum from cephalhematoma?

<p>Cephalhematoma does not cross the suture line. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the anterior fontanel typically close?

<p>12-18 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the characteristics of the posterior fontanel at birth?

<p>1-2 cm wide and triangular in shape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the closure of the ductus arteriosus in the neonatal circulatory system?

<p>It prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reflex is typically observed when testing the ears of a neonate?

<p>Startle reflex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it generally take for the umbilical cord to drop off after birth?

<p>7-10 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average blood volume for a full-term neonate?

<p>80 to 90 ml/kg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor could indicate the need for management of anemia and jaundice in a newborn?

<p>Size of cephalhematoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the rooting reflex typically disappear?

<p>At three to four months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflexes is characterized by extension of the arm and leg towards which the head is turned?

<p>Tonic neck reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex remains permanent and is triggered by a flash of light or puff of air?

<p>Blinking reflex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended intervention to promote parent/infant bonding?

<p>Place photographs of parents within visual range (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected response for the Babinski reflex when the sole of the foot is stroked?

<p>Toes fan out and foot twists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age range corresponds with the disappearance of the grasping reflex?

<p>Weakens at three months; disappears at one year (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During general nursing care of a newborn, which of the following is NOT typically included?

<p>Development of verbal communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the tonic neck reflex as the infant develops?

<p>It disappears at two months. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Full-term neonate

A newborn infant whose gestational age is 37 to 42 weeks.

Apgar score

A quick assessment immediately after birth that checks the baby's vital signs and reflexes.

Apgar score criteria

Heart rate, respiratory rate, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color are assessed.

Initial Newborn Assessment

A critical evaluation performed 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Neonatal period

Period from birth to 28 days of age

Signup and view all the flashcards

Heat loss modes

Ways a newborn can lose heat.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Feeding and protective reflexes

Inborn abilities in newborns for feeding and self-protection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Good Apgar score (8-10)

Indicates a healthy newborn who needs minor observation and suction, and no immediate intervention.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Infant Distress Score

A score used to assess the severity of distress in an infant, indicating their need for oxygen or resuscitation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gestational Age Assessment

A measurement of the baby's maturity based on physical and neuromuscular development, taken within 72 hours of birth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Normal Birth Weight

A weight range of 2700-4000 grams for a newborn.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Weight Loss Post-Birth

It's normal for a newborn to lose 5-10% of its birth weight in the first week, due to fluid loss and limited food.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Weight Regain

Newborns should regain or exceed their birth weight within 2 weeks and gain around 30 grams daily.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Average Newborn Length

A typical newborn length is roughly 50 cm, with a range of 48 to 53 cm.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Average Newborn Head Circumference

Around 35cm, approximately 2cm larger than the chest circumference; range 33–35cm

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Vital Signs

Normal pulse rates are 120-160 beats per minute (bpm), with a lower rate in a relaxed state. Blood pressure range is varied. Respiration rate is 30-60 breaths/min.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Normal infant temperature range

The temperature range considered normal for infants is 36.5°C to 37.5°C.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Modes of heat loss

Ways a newborn can lose heat include convection, radiation, evaporation, and conduction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn skin

Infant skin is often bright red, puffy, and smooth initially, becoming more pinkish within a day. Edema (swelling) may be present. Acrocyanosis is also common (bluish hands and feet).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vernix Caseosa

A greasy, whitish substance covering a newborn's body. It decreases as the baby matures. Protects skin from infection and hypothermia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lanugo Hair

Fine, soft, downy-like hair found on a newborn's body (shoulders, back, extremities, forehead).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mongolian Spots

Bluish coloration, often seen on the lower back / buttocks of newborns. Usually disappear within the first year.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Milia

Small white or yellowish spots commonly found on the nose, forehead, cheeks, and chin. Usually disappear within a few weeks.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Head

A newborn's head is typically round, symmetrical, soft, and moves easily.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Caput Succedaneum

A collection of fluid at the site of birth trauma; at birth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cephalhematoma

Collection of blood, few hours after birth, firm, non-suture line swelling

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anterior Fontanel

Diamond-shaped fontanel that closes between 12 and 18 months.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Posterior Fontanel

Triangle-shaped fontanel that closes between 8 and 12 weeks.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Edematous Eyelid

Swollen eyelid, eye color not determined until later.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Neonatal Abdomen

Cylindrical shape, 30-60cc stomach capacity, liver palpable, umbilical cord drops off 7-10 days

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fetal/Neonatal Circulation

Changes in blood flow and pressure; closure of the ductus arteriosus, foramen ovale, ductus venosus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Neonatal Blood Volume

Full-term neonate blood volume: 80-90ml/kg.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Respiration

Primarily abdominal, with possible slight sternal retraction. Cough reflex appears 1-2 days after birth. Nose breathers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tonic Neck Reflex

Infant's head turned to one side, the arm and leg on that side extend, while the limbs on the opposite side flex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Babinski Reflex

Infant's toes fan out and foot twists when sole of foot is stroked.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Urination

Urine is passed within 24 hours after birth. Glomerular and tubular functions increase with age. Newborns have decreased ability to handle water loads.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Male Genitalia at Birth

Urethral opening at tip of glans penis. Testes palpable in scrotum. Scrotum usually edematous (swollen) and has rugae (folds).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rooting Reflex

Infant turns toward cheek stroked or mouth touched, opening their mouth and sucking.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Female Genitalia at Birth

Labia and clitoris are often edematous. Urethral meatus is located behind the clitoris.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sucking Reflex

Infant sucks on object placed in mouth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Endocrine System

Breast swelling (witch's milk) and occasional transient infantile menstruation are common phenomena in newborns.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Grasping Reflex

Infant grasps tightly when palm is touched.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Blinking Reflex

Infant closes eyes when exposed to a bright light or puff of air.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Protective Reflexes

Newborns exhibit protective reflexes like blinking, coughing, sneezing, and gagging.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Feeding Reflexes

Newborns display feeding reflexes such as rooting, sucking, and swallowing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Vital Signs

Normal pulse rates (120-160 bpm), respiration rate (30-60 breaths/min), and temperature (36.5°C-37.5°C) for newborns.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parent-Infant Bonding

Creating a strong emotional connection between parent and newborn.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Newborn Moro Reflex

A startle reflex involving arm abduction, forearm extension and vigorous crying.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Newborn Lifespan, Growth, and Development

  • The neonatal period lasts from birth to 28 days of age.
  • Intended learning outcomes include defining full-term neonates, explaining initial assessments, discussing growth measurements, describing system changes, explaining modes of heat loss, enumerating feeding and protective reflexes, and discussing nursing care.

Definition of Full-Term Neonate

  • The neonatal period spans from birth to 28 days.

Initial Assessment

  • Done at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.
  • Includes 5 standardized observations: heart rate, respiratory rate, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color.
  • Apgar score uses a 0-2 scale for each observation; a total score of 8-10 indicates good condition, 4-7 indicates moderate distress, and 0-3 indicates severe distress needing resuscitation.

Growth Measurements

  • Weight: Normal birth weight ranges from 2700-4000 grams. Newborns lose 5-10% of birth weight in the first week due to hormone withdrawal, fluid loss, meconium passage, and limited food intake. They should regain or exceed birth weight within 2 weeks and gain 30 grams daily during the neonatal period.
  • Length: Average length is 50 cm, with a range of 48-53 cm.
  • Head Circumference: Average is 35 cm, with a range of 33-35 cm; it is 2 cm larger than chest circumference.
  • Chest Circumference: 2 cm smaller than head circumference.

Systems Changes

  • Cardiovascular: Increased aortic pressure and decreased venous pressure; increased systemic pressure and decreased pulmonary artery pressure; closure of the foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, and ductus venosus.
  • Blood volume: Full-term neonates typically have a blood volume of 80-90 ml/kg, although the amount of blood received from the placenta can influence this.
  • Respiratory: Breathing rate is 30-60 breaths per minute, primarily diaphragmatic. Normal babies display a characteristic irregular rate and rhythm in breathing.
  • Temperature: Normal range is 36.5-37.5°C, with axillary readings generally around 36.4-37.2°C, skin temperature around 36-36.5°C, and rectal readings around 36.6-37.2°C.

Modes of Heat Loss

  • Convection: Heat loss to surrounding air.
  • Radiation: Heat loss to cooler objects.
  • Evaporation: Conversion of liquid to vapor.
  • Conduction: Heat loss to cooler surfaces.

Posture

  • Generally in flexion, with limbs flexed on the chest and abdomen.

Skin

  • Initially bright red, puffy, and smooth, transitioning to a dark pink color by the second day.
  • Edema may be present around the eyes, face, legs, and genitals.
  • Acrocyanosis (bluish discoloration of hands and feet) can also occur.
  • Vernix caseosa (greasy whitish substance) is present initially but decreases as term progresses.
  • Lanugo hair is fine downy hair that is commonly seen on preterm babies.
  • Mongolian spots are bluish discolorations on the back and buttocks; most commonly found in infants with darker skin tones.
  • Milia are small pinpoint white or yellow spots on the nose, forehead, cheeks, and chin.
  • Round, symmetrical, soft, and moves easily in all directions.
  • Fontanels: Anterior fontanel (diamond shape) typically closes between 12-18 months; Posterior fontanel (triangle shape) typically closes between 8-12 weeks.
  • Head birth injuries, including caput succedaneum (fluid collection at birth) and cephalhematoma (blood collection under the scalp).

Eyes

  • Edematous eyelids
  • Eye color is not determinable until 3-6 months.
  • Pupils react to light.
  • Absence of tears.
  • Blinking reflex is present.

Ears

  • The top of the pinna is on a horizontal line with the inner corner of the eye.
  • Startle reflex is present.
  • The pinna is flexible, and cartilage is present.

Abdomen

  • Cylindrical in shape.
  • Stomach capacity: 30-60 cc.
  • Liver palpable: 2-3 cm below the costal margin initially.
  • Umbilical cord drops off 7-10 days after birth.
  • Bowel sounds present shortly after birth.

Nervous System, Protective Reflexes

  • Blinking, coughing and sneezing, gagging.

Feeding Reflexes

  • Rooting (turning toward stimulation on the face)
  • Sucking
  • Swallowing

Other Reflexes

  • Stepping
  • Grasping
  • Moro/Startle (arms extend)
  • Tonic neck (arm and leg extension on one side, flexion on the other)
  • Babinski (foot extension when sole is stroked)

Developmental Care Interventions

  • Visual contact with parents and siblings.
  • Gentle touch (skin-to-skin contact)
  • Decreased light
  • Sound (soothing music)
  • Non-nutritive suckling

General Nursing Care of Newborn

  • Vital signs monitoring
  • Maintaining temperature
  • Monitoring growth
  • Preventing infections
  • Observing and managing abnormalities
  • Vaccinations (e.g., BCG)
  • Testing (T3 and T4)
  • Parent-infant bonding

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Newborn PDF - Lifespan, Growth And Development

Description

Test your knowledge on the neonatal period, including key concepts such as full-term definition, initial assessments, and growth measurements. This quiz covers essential aspects of newborn care and development, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the first 28 days of life.

More Like This

Care of the Newborn and Pain Perception
14 questions

Care of the Newborn and Pain Perception

SuperBluebell avatar
SuperBluebell
Newborn Care Essentials
11 questions

Newborn Care Essentials

EntrancingAutoharp avatar
EntrancingAutoharp
Newborn Growth and Development Quiz
19 questions

Newborn Growth and Development Quiz

EnchantingIguana9451 avatar
EnchantingIguana9451
Période néonatale et développement du cerveau
58 questions

Période néonatale et développement du cerveau

EasyToUseLlama avatar
EasyToUseLlama
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser