Podcast
Questions and Answers
At what age do infants begin to learn object permanence according to research?
At what age do infants begin to learn object permanence according to research?
What is motionese, as used by caregivers when interacting with infants?
What is motionese, as used by caregivers when interacting with infants?
Which principle suggests that inanimate objects only affect each other when they make contact?
Which principle suggests that inanimate objects only affect each other when they make contact?
What evidence did Baillargeon et al. (1985) find to suggest infants have expectations about events?
What evidence did Baillargeon et al. (1985) find to suggest infants have expectations about events?
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How did Johnson et al. (1991) show that newborns prefer certain stimuli?
How did Johnson et al. (1991) show that newborns prefer certain stimuli?
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According to the research summarized, which statement reflects the views on Piaget's theories?
According to the research summarized, which statement reflects the views on Piaget's theories?
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What ability do infants exhibit that indicates they can begin to understand causality?
What ability do infants exhibit that indicates they can begin to understand causality?
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Which fundamental idea is suggested about infant development in the first year of life?
Which fundamental idea is suggested about infant development in the first year of life?
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Study Notes
Newborn Learning and Development
- Newborns quickly learn their parent's scent.
- Early sensory experiences greatly benefit infants.
- Infants mimic facial expressions and motor actions at birth.
- Imitation is a biological capacity in infants.
- Adults use "motionese" when interacting with infants, a modified form of communication.
- Motionese helps infants understand actions and is a type of scaffolding (support).
- The nature of mimicry (innate or developing early in life) is a debate.
- Regardless, infants learn certain tasks rapidly, contradicting Piaget's theory.
Object Permanence
- Infants start understanding object permanence around 5 months old.
- Baillargeon et al (1985) found 4-5 month old infants spent longer looking at impossible events, suggesting expectation of events.
- They claimed that that this expectation arises because children understand the contact principle by 4 months.
- The contact principle: inanimate objects in motion only act on each other when they touch.
Infant Perception and Cognition
- Johnson et al (1991) and Valenza (1996) showed newborns preferred face-like stimuli to scrambled or blank stimuli, even within the first hour of life.
- Leslie & Kneable (1987) suggested that 24-week-olds understood the contact principle.
- Sobel & Kirkham (2006) demonstrated that children under 2 years old can grasp causality using the contact principle, and 2-year-olds could identify objects likely to be "blickets."
Developmental Critique of Piaget
- Recent research shows Piaget underestimated the role of social interaction and learning capabilities of infants.
- Infants develop foundations for perceptual, cognitive, and social skills in their first year.
- Improvement in causal reasoning, imitation, and social referencing is observed in infants during the first year.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the fascinating world of newborn learning and development. This quiz covers key concepts like sensory experiences, imitation, and object permanence in infants. Explore how these early capabilities challenge traditional theories of cognitive development.
