Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the correct definition of a term infant?
What is the correct definition of a term infant?
- Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Birth exactly at 41 weeks gestational age
- Birth after 42 weeks gestational age
- Birth between 37 weeks and 41 weeks 6 days gestational age (correct)
Which of the following is part of the initial exam for a newborn?
Which of the following is part of the initial exam for a newborn?
- Chest exam (correct)
- Vision screening
- Behavioral assessment
- Assessing for congenital diseases
What is the purpose of administering Vitamin K to a newborn?
What is the purpose of administering Vitamin K to a newborn?
- Reduce jaundice
- Promote blood clotting (correct)
- Prevent respiratory distress syndrome
- Enhance glucose levels
At what times are the APGAR scores typically assessed?
At what times are the APGAR scores typically assessed?
What signifies a positive adjustment to extrauterine life in a newborn?
What signifies a positive adjustment to extrauterine life in a newborn?
Which of the following describes the first stage of reactivity in newborns?
Which of the following describes the first stage of reactivity in newborns?
What does the term 'floppy' generally indicate regarding a newborn's condition?
What does the term 'floppy' generally indicate regarding a newborn's condition?
What is an essential part of stabilizing a newborn in the delivery room?
What is an essential part of stabilizing a newborn in the delivery room?
Which of the following best describes the term 'post term' in relation to gestational age?
Which of the following best describes the term 'post term' in relation to gestational age?
What is the purpose of providing a warm environment for a newborn immediately after birth?
What is the purpose of providing a warm environment for a newborn immediately after birth?
What assessment occurs during the initial exam of a newborn in the delivery room?
What assessment occurs during the initial exam of a newborn in the delivery room?
During which stage of reactivity does a newborn experience initial activity after birth?
During which stage of reactivity does a newborn experience initial activity after birth?
What can the presence of periods of reactivity in a newborn indicate?
What can the presence of periods of reactivity in a newborn indicate?
What is an essential consideration before starting an examination of a newborn?
What is an essential consideration before starting an examination of a newborn?
At what points is the APGAR score assessed?
At what points is the APGAR score assessed?
What is a common characteristic of a newborn described as 'floppy' immediately after birth?
What is a common characteristic of a newborn described as 'floppy' immediately after birth?
What is the maximum gestational age defined for a term/full-term infant?
What is the maximum gestational age defined for a term/full-term infant?
Which APGAR score indicates that immediate intervention may be necessary?
Which APGAR score indicates that immediate intervention may be necessary?
During which period do newborns typically experience their first period of activity?
During which period do newborns typically experience their first period of activity?
Which of the following best describes a key component during the stabilization of a newborn in the delivery room?
Which of the following best describes a key component during the stabilization of a newborn in the delivery room?
What is a critical parameter assessed in the initial evaluation of a newborn's adjustment to extrauterine life?
What is a critical parameter assessed in the initial evaluation of a newborn's adjustment to extrauterine life?
What is the usual indication of a newborn being classified as 'low birth weight'?
What is the usual indication of a newborn being classified as 'low birth weight'?
Which assessment occurs before beginning an examination of a newborn?
Which assessment occurs before beginning an examination of a newborn?
What is the expected heart rate of a vigorous newborn at 1 minute post-birth?
What is the expected heart rate of a vigorous newborn at 1 minute post-birth?
Which term best describes a newborn born at 36 weeks gestational age?
Which term best describes a newborn born at 36 weeks gestational age?
What is the significance of a newborn exhibiting good flexion during the APGAR assessment?
What is the significance of a newborn exhibiting good flexion during the APGAR assessment?
During which period of reactivity do newborns generally experience a phase of relative inactivity?
During which period of reactivity do newborns generally experience a phase of relative inactivity?
At what point in time after birth is the APGAR score assessed for the second time?
At what point in time after birth is the APGAR score assessed for the second time?
What is the primary reason for administering ophthalmic ointment to a newborn?
What is the primary reason for administering ophthalmic ointment to a newborn?
Which of the following factors is NOT considered during the immediate stabilization of a newborn in the delivery room?
Which of the following factors is NOT considered during the immediate stabilization of a newborn in the delivery room?
What does a heart rate of 120 BPM in a newborn suggest during the initial examination?
What does a heart rate of 120 BPM in a newborn suggest during the initial examination?
What impact does a low birth weight (LBW) have on a newborn’s care immediately after birth?
What impact does a low birth weight (LBW) have on a newborn’s care immediately after birth?
Which of the following describes the purpose of stabilizing a newborn in the delivery room?
Which of the following describes the purpose of stabilizing a newborn in the delivery room?
What does the second stage of reactivity in newborns signify?
What does the second stage of reactivity in newborns signify?
What could a heart rate of 180 BPM at 5 minutes suggest about a newborn's condition?
What could a heart rate of 180 BPM at 5 minutes suggest about a newborn's condition?
Which of the following correctly describes the environment recommended for a newborn immediately after birth?
Which of the following correctly describes the environment recommended for a newborn immediately after birth?
What is indicated by the absence of periods of reactivity in a newborn?
What is indicated by the absence of periods of reactivity in a newborn?
What clinical action is taken if the APGAR score is low after the first assessment?
What clinical action is taken if the APGAR score is low after the first assessment?
How do low birth weight newborns typically affect care approaches immediately after birth?
How do low birth weight newborns typically affect care approaches immediately after birth?
What characterizes a newborn's behavior if they are described as 'floppy' during the initial examination?
What characterizes a newborn's behavior if they are described as 'floppy' during the initial examination?
What is the significance of a newborn scoring low on the APGAR assessment at 1 minute?
What is the significance of a newborn scoring low on the APGAR assessment at 1 minute?
Which of the following characteristics can complicate the transition of a baby born pre-term?
Which of the following characteristics can complicate the transition of a baby born pre-term?
What is a common behavior observed in newborns during the second stage of reactivity?
What is a common behavior observed in newborns during the second stage of reactivity?
What should be the primary concern in the delivery room if a newborn shows persistent blue coloration after the first minute?
What should be the primary concern in the delivery room if a newborn shows persistent blue coloration after the first minute?
Why is a 'warm environment' crucial in the immediate post-birth phase for infants?
Why is a 'warm environment' crucial in the immediate post-birth phase for infants?
What type of score is determined by evaluating a newborn's heart rate, muscle tone, and reflexes shortly after birth?
What type of score is determined by evaluating a newborn's heart rate, muscle tone, and reflexes shortly after birth?
What is the expected response if a newborn is described as 'floppy' during the initial examination?
What is the expected response if a newborn is described as 'floppy' during the initial examination?
During which timeframe is the stabilization of the delivery room most critical?
During which timeframe is the stabilization of the delivery room most critical?
What does a heart rate of 150 BPM indicate about a newborn at 1 minute post-birth?
What does a heart rate of 150 BPM indicate about a newborn at 1 minute post-birth?
Which of the following scenarios aligns with the definition of a newborn being described as 'floppy'?
Which of the following scenarios aligns with the definition of a newborn being described as 'floppy'?
What implication does a low APGAR score at 1 minute have for the newborn's condition?
What implication does a low APGAR score at 1 minute have for the newborn's condition?
Which best describes the second period of reactivity in newborns?
Which best describes the second period of reactivity in newborns?
In the delivery room, what does a low birth weight (LBW) newborn necessitate?
In the delivery room, what does a low birth weight (LBW) newborn necessitate?
What characteristic signifies a newborn's positive adjustment to extrauterine life?
What characteristic signifies a newborn's positive adjustment to extrauterine life?
What is a crucial assessment performed before the examination of a newborn to ensure their well-being?
What is a crucial assessment performed before the examination of a newborn to ensure their well-being?
In assessing a newborn, what is the recommended response if the infant's APGAR score does not improve after 5 minutes?
In assessing a newborn, what is the recommended response if the infant's APGAR score does not improve after 5 minutes?
What is the significance of determining APGAR scores at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life?
What is the significance of determining APGAR scores at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life?
Which action is crucial for ensuring the safety and welfare of a newborn immediately after birth?
Which action is crucial for ensuring the safety and welfare of a newborn immediately after birth?
During which stage of reactivity would you expect a newborn to display periods of increased alertness and activity?
During which stage of reactivity would you expect a newborn to display periods of increased alertness and activity?
What factor is least likely to influence newborn stabilization after delivery?
What factor is least likely to influence newborn stabilization after delivery?
Which condition best describes a post-term newborn?
Which condition best describes a post-term newborn?
What does a heart rate of 120 BPM indicate about a newborn's condition shortly after birth?
What does a heart rate of 120 BPM indicate about a newborn's condition shortly after birth?
What does the term 'low birth weight' refer to regarding newborns?
What does the term 'low birth weight' refer to regarding newborns?
Which sign is most indicative of a newborn's positive adjustment to extrauterine life?
Which sign is most indicative of a newborn's positive adjustment to extrauterine life?
At what gestational age is a newborn categorized as 'post term'?
At what gestational age is a newborn categorized as 'post term'?
Which of the following is an indication that a newborn is positively adjusting to extrauterine life?
Which of the following is an indication that a newborn is positively adjusting to extrauterine life?
What is the primary purpose of the initial exam performed on a newborn in the delivery room?
What is the primary purpose of the initial exam performed on a newborn in the delivery room?
During which stage of reactivity is a newborn expected to show the initial period of activity after birth?
During which stage of reactivity is a newborn expected to show the initial period of activity after birth?
What does an APGAR score of 5 at 1 minute imply for a newborn?
What does an APGAR score of 5 at 1 minute imply for a newborn?
Which physiological parameter is not typically evaluated during the initial stabilization of a newborn?
Which physiological parameter is not typically evaluated during the initial stabilization of a newborn?
What does the presence of periods of reactivity indicate regarding a newborn's state?
What does the presence of periods of reactivity indicate regarding a newborn's state?
Which factor is most critical for the environment in which a newborn is stabilized after birth?
Which factor is most critical for the environment in which a newborn is stabilized after birth?
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Study Notes
Newborn Definitions
- Newborn/Infant: From birth to 28 days of life
- Pre-term: Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term: Birth between 37 weeks and 41 weeks 6 days gestational age
- Post Term: Birth at 42 weeks or more gestational age
Newborn Stabilization in the Delivery Room
- Initial care:
- Dry and suction the newborn
- Determine APGAR Scores
- Initial Exam: Airway, General, chest, abdomen
- Complete exam delayed until infant admitted to nursery
- Vitamin K Administration: 1 mg IM
- Ophthalmic ointment application for infection prophylaxis
- Glucose Evaluation
Apgar Score
- Assesses newborn’s adjustments to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life
- If score is low or has reached 20 minutes of life, further investigation is required.
Neonatal Transition
- Periods of Reactivity:
- Stage 1: Initial Period of activity - birth to 30 minutes
- Stage 2: Period of relative inactivity 30 minutes to 2 hours
- Stage 3: Second period of reactivity 2-6 hours
- Stability period: 6-24 hours
- Actual times can vary but there should always be a pattern of activity/sleep/activity
- Presence of reactivity periods: Indicate positive adjustment to extrauterine life
Pre-Exam Considerations
- Warm environment: Suitable for newborn comfort
- Good lighting and very little noise: Minimal stimulation
- Flexibility with order of exam: Adapt to newborn needs
Newborn/Infant Definitions
- Newborn/infant refers to the period from birth to the first 4 weeks of life
- Pre-term: Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term: Birth between 37 and 41 weeks and 6 days gestational age
- Post-term: Birth at 42 weeks or greater gestational age
Stabilization in the Delivery Room
- Newborn stabilization includes:
- Drying and suctioning the newborn
- Determining APGAR scores
- Initial airway, general, chest, and abdomen exam
- Vitamin K administration - 1 mg IM
- Ophthalmic ointment application - infection prophylaxis
- Glucose evaluation
APGAR Score
- Assesses the newborn’s immediate adjustment to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth
- If the score is low or the baby needs resuscitation, APGAR score is determined every 5 minutes until it reaches 20 minutes of life
Baby A - Apgar Examples
- Born through spontaneous vaginal delivery
- Mother is 26 years old, G2P2, with no complications
- 1-minute Apgar: Crying and vigorous; color is blue, HR 150 BPM, gets mad when bulb suctioned
- 5-minute Apgar: Crying off and on; pink with blue hands and feet, good flexion, HR 140s
Baby B - Apgar Examples
- Mother is 35 years old, G1P1, vacuum-assisted delivery
- 1-minute Apgar: Infant is floppy, HR 120; turns away when bulb suctioned, color is blue, breathing is slow and irregular
- 5-minute Apgar: Shows some flexion now, HR 180, coughing, pink with acrocyanosis, good breathing, but not crying
Newborn Transition from Uterine to Extrauterine Life
- Periods of reactivity:
- Stage 1: Birth to 30 minutes - Initial Period of activity (very alert and awake, may be fussy)
- Stage 2: 30 minutes to 2 hours - Period of relative inactivity (may sleep or be very quiet)
- Stage 3: 2 to 6 hours - Second period of reactivity (may show a brief period of fussiness or alert behavior)
- Stage 4: 6 to 24 hours - Stability period (becomes more stable, sleeps longer, more predictable breathing)
Vital Signs - Preparing for Newborn Exam
- Warm environment
- Good lighting with very little noise
- Flexibility regarding the order of the exam
Low Birth Weight (LBW)
- Not defined in the provided text
Newborn Definitions
- Newborn: From birth to 28 days of life
- Pre-Term: Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term: Birth between 37 weeks and 41 weeks 6 days gestational age
- Post Term: 42 weeks gestation or greater
Stabilization in Delivery Room
- Dry and suction newborn
- Determine APGAR scores
- Initial Examination: Airway, General, Chest, Abdomen
- Complete exam is delayed until infant is admitted to the nursery
- Vitamin K administration (1mg IM)
- Ophthalmic Ointment application (infection prophylaxis)
- Glucose evaluation
APGAR Score
- Assesses the newborn's immediate adjustment to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life
- If score is low, or has reached 20 minutes of life, further assessments and interventions may be required
Transition from Uterine to Extrauterine Life
- Periods of Reactivity:
- Stage 1: Initial Period of Activity (birth to 30 minutes)
- Stage 2: Period of Relative Inactivity (30 minutes to 2 hours)
- Stage 3: Second Period of Reactivity (2 to 6 hours)
- Stability Period (6 to 24 hours)
- Actual times vary by baby, but there should always be a pattern of activity/sleep/activity
- Presence of periods of reactivity indicates a positive adjustment to extrauterine life
Before You Start... Vital Signs
- Warm environment
- Good lighting and limited noise
- Be flexible with the order of the exam
Newborn/Infant Definitions
- Newborn/Infant - Birth to 28 days of life
- Pre-term - Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term - Birth between 37 weeks and 41 weeks and 6 days gestational age
- Post Term - 42 weeks or greater gestational age
Stabilization in Delivery Room
- Dry and suction the newborn
- Determine APGAR Scores
- Initial Exam - Airway, General, chest, abdomen
- Complete exam delayed until infant admitted to nursery
- Vitamin K Administration - 1 mg IM
- Ophthalmic ointment application - infection prophylaxis
- Glucose Evaluation
Apgar Score
- Assesses newborn immediate adjustment to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life
- If score is low or less than 7, APGAR score is reassessed at 20 minutes of life
Baby A
- Born SVD to a G2 P2 26yo, no complications
- At 1 min - Comes out crying and vigorous but color is still blue, heart rate 150 beats per minute, baby gets mad when bulb-syringed
- At 5 min - Crying off and on, pink with blue hands and feet, good flexion, heart rate in the 140s
Baby B
- Mom 35, G1P1, vacuum assisted delivery
- At 1 min - Infant is floppy, heart rate 120, baby turns away when bulb-syringed, color is blue and the breathing is slow & irregular
- At 5 min - There is now some flexion, heart rate 180, coughing, pink with acrocyanosis, good breathing but not crying
Transition from Uterine to Extrauterine Life
- Periods of reactivity:
- Stage 1: Initial Period of activity - birth to 30 min
- Stage 2: Period of relative inactivity 30m -2 hours
- Stage 3: Second period of reactivity 2-6 hours
- Stability period 6-24 hours
- Actual times vary by baby, but there should always be a pattern of activity/sleep/activity
- The presence of periods of reactivity indicate a positive adjustment to extrauterine life
Before You Start...Vital Signs
- Warm environment
- Good lighting and very little noise
- Be flexible with the order of the exam
Low Birth Weight
- Less than 2500 grams
Newborn/Infant Definitions
- Newborn/Infant - From birth to first 4 weeks (28 days) of life
- Pre-term – Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term – Birth 37 weeks- 41 weeks 6 days gestational age
- Post Term- 42weeks or > gestational age
Stabilization in delivery room
- Dry and suction the newborn
- Determine APGAR Scores
- Initial Exam – Airway, General, chest, abdomen
- Complete exam delayed until infant admitted to nursery
- Vitamin K Administration – 1 mg IM
- Ophthalmic ointment application - infection prophylaxis
- Glucose Evaluation
Apgar Score
- Assesses newborn immediate adjustment to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life
- If score is low or has reached 20 minutes of life
Transition from uterine to extrauterine life
- Periods of reactivity
- Stage 1: Initial Period of activity - birth to 30 min
- Stage 2:Period of relative inactivity 30m -2 hours
- Stage 3: Second period of reactivity 2-6 hours
- Stability period 6-24 hours
- Actual times vary by baby, but there should always be a pattern of activity/sleep/activity
- Presence of periods of reactivity indicate a positive adjustment to extrauterine life
Before you start..Vital Signs
- Warm environment
- Good lighting and very little noise
- Be flexible with order of exam
Low Birth Weight (LBW)
Definitions
- Newborn/Infant: From birth to the first 4 weeks (28 days) of life
- Pre-term: Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term: Birth 37 weeks - 41 weeks 6 days gestational age
- Post-term: 42 weeks or more gestational age
Stabilization in the Delivery Room
- Dry and suction the newborn
- Determine APGAR Scores
- Initial Exam: Airway, General, chest, abdomen
- Complete exam delayed until the infant is admitted to the nursery
- Vitamin K Administration: 1 mg IM
- Ophthalmic ointment application: Infection prophylaxis
- Glucose Evaluation
Apgar Score
- Assesses newborn's immediate adjustment to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life
- If score is low or has reached 20 minutes of life, a full exam will be performed
Transition from Uterine to Extrauterine Life
- Periods of reactivity:
- Stage 1: Initial Period of activity - birth to 30 min
- Stage 2: Period of relative inactivity 30m - 2 hours
- Stage 3: Second period of reactivity 2-6 hours
- Stability period 6-24 hours
- Actual times vary by baby, but there should be a pattern of activity/sleep/activity
- Presence of periods of reactivity indicates a positive adjustment to extrauterine life
Before you start..Vital Signs
- Warm environment
- Good lighting and very little noise
- Be flexible with the order of the exam
Low Birth Weight (LBW)
- Less than 2500 grams (5.5 pounds)
Newborn/Infant Definitions
- Newborn/Infant: Birth to first 4 weeks (28 days) of life
- Pre-term: Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term: Birth 37 weeks- 41 weeks 6 days gestational age
- Post Term: 42 weeks or > gestational age
Stabilization in Delivery Room
- Dry and suction the newborn
- Determine APGAR Scores
- Initial Exam - Airway, General, chest, abdomen
- Complete exam delayed until infant admitted to nursery
- Vitamin K Administration - 1 mg IM
- Ophthalmic ointment application - infection prophylaxis
- Glucose Evaluation
APGAR Score
- Assesses newborn's immediate adjustment to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life
- If score is low or hasn't reached 20 minutes of life
- APGAR Score examples:
- Baby A
- 1 Min: Crying and vigorous but blue
- 5 Min: Crying off and on, pink with blue hands and feet, good flexion
- Baby B
- 1 Min: Floppy, blue, slow and irregular breathing
- 5 Min: Some flexion, coughing, pink with good breathing but not crying
- Baby A
Transition from Uterine to Extrauterine Life
- Periods of reactivity occur
- Stage 1: Initial Period of activity - birth to 30 min
- Stage 2:Period of relative inactivity 30m -2 hours
- Stage 3: Second period of reactivity 2-6 hours
- Stability period 6-24 hours
- Actual times vary by baby, but there should always be a pattern of activity/sleep/activity
- Presence of periods of reactivity indicate a positive adjustment to extrauterine life
Before Examining
- Warm environment
- Good lighting and very little noise
- Be flexible with order of exam
Vital Signs
- Low Birth Weight (LBW): Less than 2500 grams (5.5 lbs)
Newborn/Infant Definitions
- Newborn/Infant: From birth to first 4 weeks (28 days) of life
- Pre-term: Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term: Birth 37 weeks - 41 weeks 6 days gestational age
- Post Term: 42 weeks or greater gestational age
Stabilization in Delivery Room
- Dry and suction the newborn
- Determine APGAR Scores
- Initial Exam: Airway, General, chest, abdomen (complete exam is delayed until infant is admitted the nursery)
- Vitamin K administration: 1 mg IM
- Ophthalmic ointment application: infection prophylaxis
- Glucose Evaluation
Apgar Score
- Assesses the newborn's immediate adjustment to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life
- Score of 7 or greater indicates a good adjustment
- Score less than 7 or a score that has not reached 7 by 20 minutes of life indicates a need for further intervention
Baby A
- Born via SVD (Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery) to 26-year-old G2P2 (Gravida 2 Para 2) mother with no complications
- At 1 minute: Baby was crying vigorously with good HR (150 BPM) but color was still blue. Baby got upset when the bulb syringe was used.
- At 5 minutes: Baby was crying on and off, pink with blue hands and feet, good flexion, and HR in the 140s.
Baby B
- 35-Year-old G1P1 (Gravida 1 Para 1) mother who required a vacuum-assisted delivery.
- At 1 minute: The infant was floppy, HR was 120 BPM, turned away when the bulb syringe was used, color was blue, and breathing was slow and irregular.
- At 5 minutes: The baby had some flexion, HR was 180 BMP, was coughing, pink with clear lungs, had good breathing, but was not crying.
Transition from Uterine to Extrauterine Life
- Periods of reactivity:
- Stage 1: Initial Period of activity - birth to 30 minutes
- Stage 2: Period of relative inactivity - 30 minutes to 2 hours
- Stage 3: Second period of reactivity - 2 to 6 hours
- Stability period - 6 to 24 hours
- Actual times vary by baby, but there should always be a pattern of activity/sleep/activity.
- Presence of periods of reactivity indicates a positive adjustment to extrauterine life.
Before You Start: Vital Signs
- Warm environment
- Good lighting and minimal noise
- Be flexible with the order of exam
Newborn Definitions
- Newborn: From birth to 28 days
- Pre-term: Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
- Term/Full-term: Birth between 37 and 41 weeks 6 days gestational age
- Post Term: Birth 42 weeks or greater gestational age
Stabilization in Delivery Room
- Dry and suction newborn
- Determine APGAR scores
- Initial exam focuses on airway, general appearance, chest, and abdomen
- Vitamin K administration (1mg IM)
- Ophthalmic ointment application for infection prophylaxis
- Glucose evaluation
APGAR Score
- Assesses newborn adjustment to extrauterine life
- Determined at 1 and 5 minutes of life
- Score of 7 or above is considered normal
- A score of 3 or below indicates need for intervention after 20 minutes of life
Example APGAR Scores
- Baby A:
- 1 minute: Crying, vigorous, blue color, HR 150 BPM
- 5 minutes: Crying, pink with blue hands and feet, good flexion, HR 140 BPM
- Baby B:
- 1 minute: Floppy, HR 120, slow and irregular breathing, blue color
- 5 minutes: Flexion, HR 180, coughing, pink with acrocyanosis, good breathing but not crying
Transition From Uterine To Extrauterine Life
- Periods of reactivity:
- Stage 1: Initial activity (birth to 30 minutes)
- Stage 2: Relative inactivity (30 minutes to 2 hours)
- Stage 3: Second period of reactivity (2 to 6 hours)
- Stability period (6 to 24 hours)
- Times vary by baby, but there should be a pattern of activity, sleep, and activity
- Presence of periods of reactivity indicate positive adjustment to extrauterine life
Before Vital Signs
- Warm environment
- Good lighting and minimal noise
- Flexibility in exam order
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