unit conversion chemistry 2
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Questions and Answers

What is the density of lead if a cube of lead has an edge length of 3.50 cm and a mass of 126.4 g?

  • 9.2 g/cm3 (correct)
  • 15.4 g/cm3
  • 12.8 g/cm3
  • 18.1 g/cm3

    • What is the volume of a cube (in cm3) with an edge length of 2.50 cm?

  • 18.0 cm3
  • 12.5 cm3
  • 16.3 cm3
  • 14.8 cm3 (correct)

    • If a cube made of a material has a density of 5.75 g/cm3 and a mass of 46.0 g, what is the volume of the cube in cm3?

  • 9.2 cm3
  • 8.5 cm3 (correct)
  • 8.0 cm3
  • 7.1 cm3

    • If a cube made of material X has a density of 6.34 g/cm3 and a volume of 12.7 cm3, what is the mass of the cube in grams?

    <p>80.5 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density of a material that has a mass of 48.6 g and a volume of 29.5 cm3?

    <p>1.65 g/cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the SI unit of temperature?

    <p>Kelvin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit of volume is defined by the base unit of length in the SI system?

    <p>Cubic meter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common unit used for density when referring to gases?

    <p>Kilogram per cubic meter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density of gold in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3)?

    <p>19.3 g/cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does water freeze in kelvin?

    <p>-273.15 K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three kinds of information provided by every measurement?

    <p>The size, the standard of comparison, and the uncertainty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is also used to refer to scientific notation?

    <p>Exponential notation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the mass of an average mosquito be written in scientific notation?

    <p>$2.5 \times 10^{-6}$ kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unit in the context of measurements?

    <p>A standard of comparison for measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of volume, how does a 2-liter bottle of soft drink compare to 1 liter?

    <p>The 2-liter bottle contains twice the volume of 1 liter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the consequences of prescribing a dosage of '100' without specifying units?

    <p>It will be more than 10 times the lethal amount.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization has adopted the SI units since 1964?

    <p>National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'kilo' represent in SI units?

    <p>$10^{3}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How was the initial meter defined in the metric system?

    <p>As 1/10,000,000 of the distance from the North Pole to the equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard unit of mass in the SI system?

    <p>Kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of a cube (cm3) with an edge length of 1.25 cm?

    <p>1.56 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cube has a density of 10.6 g/cm3 and a mass of 583.2 g, what is the volume of the cube in cm3?

    <p>54.9 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density of a material with a mass of 72.5 g and a volume of 8.6 cm3?

    <p>7.35 g/cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cube made of material Y has a density of 4.25 g/cm3 and a mass of 68 g, what is the volume of the cube in cm3?

    <p>15.5 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume (cm3) of a cube with an edge length of 1.77 cm?

    <p>4.95 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cube has a mass of 75.2 g and a density of 9.8 g/cm3, what is the volume of the cube in cm3?

    <p>-7.68 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To two decimal places, what is the density of a material with a volume of 16.5 cm3 and a mass of 98.2 g?

    <p>-8.53 g/cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cube made of material Z has a density of 6.7 g/cm3 and a volume of 19.5 cm3, what is the mass of the cube in grams?

    <p>-131.65 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density (g/cm3) of a cube with a mass of 82 g and a volume of 13.5 cm3?

    <p>-6.08 g/cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cube has a mass of 48.5 g and a density of 4.1 g/cm3, what is the volume of the cube in cm3?

    <p>-11.82 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of a cube (cm3) with an edge length of 0.843 cm?

    <p>0.599 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cube with an edge length of 0.843 cm is copper and has a mass of 5.34 g, what is the density of copper to two decimal places?

    <p>8.91 g/cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume (in cm3) of a cube with an edge length of 2.50 cm?

    <p>15.625 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cube made of material X has a density of 6.34 g/cm3 and a volume of 12.7 cm3, what is the mass of the cube in grams?

    <p>80.618 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density of a material with a mass of 48.6 g and a volume of 29.5 cm3?

    <p>1.65 g/cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cube has a mass of 48.5 g and a density of 4.1 g/cm3, what is the volume of the cube in cm3?

    <p>11.83 cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density of gold in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3)?

    <p>19.3 g/cm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard unit of mass in the SI system?

    <p>kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does water freeze in kelvin?

    <p>273.15 K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the consequences of prescribing a dosage of '100' without specifying units?

    <p>Ambiguity and potential errors in interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Measurements in Chemistry

    • Measurements provide information that informs hypotheses, theories, and laws in chemistry.
    • Every measurement provides three kinds of information:
      • The size or magnitude of the measurement (a number)
      • A standard of comparison for the measurement (a unit)
      • An indication of the uncertainty of the measurement

    Representation of Measurements

    • Measurements can be represented in different ways, including:
      • Decimal form
      • Scientific notation (also known as exponential notation)

    Units in Measurements

    • Units, such as liters, pounds, and centimeters, are standards of comparison for measurements.
    • Examples of measurements with units:
      • A 2-liter bottle of a soft drink contains a volume of beverage that is twice that of the accepted volume of 1 liter.
      • The meat used to prepare a 0.25-pound hamburger weighs one-fourth as much as the accepted weight of 1 pound.

    SI Base Units

    • The seven fundamental properties ("base units") in the International System of Units (SI) are:
      • Length (meter, m)
      • Mass (kilogram, kg)
      • Time (second, s)
      • Temperature (kelvin, K)
      • Electric current (ampere, A)
      • Amount of substance (mole, mol)
      • Luminous intensity (candela, cd)

    Derived SI Units

    • Derived SI units can be formed by combining the base units:
      • Volume (cubic meter, m³)
      • Density (kilogram per cubic meter, kg/m³)

    Prefixes in SI Units

    • Prefixes can be used to create multiples and fractions of the base units:
      • Examples of prefixes: femto (10^-15), pico (10^-12), nano (10^-9), micro (10^-6), milli (10^-3), centi (10^-2), kilo (10^3), mega (10^6), giga (10^9), tera (10^12)

    Density

    • Density is a measure of the mass per unit volume of a substance.
    • The SI unit of density is the kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m³).
    • Density can be calculated by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume.

    Examples of Density Calculations

    • Example 1: The density of lead can be calculated by dividing its mass by its volume.
    • Example 2: The density of a material can be calculated by measuring its mass and volume using the displacement of water method.### Importance of Units
    • Without units, a number can be meaningless, confusing, or even life-threatening
    • Example: a doctor prescribing phenobarbital without specifying units can lead to incorrect dosage and serious consequences

    SI Units

    • The International System of Units (SI) is a standardized system of measurement
    • The seven base units of the SI system are:
      • Meter (m) for length
      • Kilogram (kg) for mass
      • Second (s) for time
      • Kelvin (K) for temperature
      • Ampere (A) for electric current
      • Mole (mol) for amount of substance
      • Candela (cd) for luminous intensity

    Derived Units

    • Derived units are formed by combining base units
    • Examples:
      • Volume (m³)
      • Density (kg/m³)
      • Speed (m/s)

    Prefixes

    • Prefixes are used to represent multiples or fractions of base units
    • Examples:
      • Kilo- (10³)
      • Centi- (10⁻²)
      • Milli- (10⁻³)
      • Micro- (10⁻⁶)
      • Nano- (10⁻⁹)

    Measurement Conversion

    • Conversions between units can be done using prefixes and base units
    • Examples:
      • 1 km = 1000 m
      • 1 cm = 0.01 m
      • 1 mL = 0.001 L

    Properties of Substances

    • Density is a property of substances that is measured in units of mass per unit volume
    • Examples:
      • Density of gold: 19.3 g/cm³
      • Density of water: 1.0 g/cm³
      • Density of air: 1.2 g/L

    Calculations

    • Density can be calculated by dividing mass by volume
    • Example: density of lead = mass / volume = 11.3 g/cm³

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    Learn about the new definition of kilogram based on fundamental physical constants and the SI units including temperature in kelvin. Understand the relationship between kilogram, gram, pound, and the basic principles of temperature measurement.

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