New Age Movement

Self-spirituality and detraditionalisation.

Drane argues that the appeal is due to the shift towards postmodern society, where the loss of faith in traditional churches causes people to turn to the New Age to find truth.

Bruce argues that New Age beliefs are 'softer' versions of traditional religions, which makes them more appealing to Westerners.

<p>A sect results from schisms (splits) in existing organizations, whereas a cult is a new religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bruce links it to the promotion of individualism in modern society, which is supported by New Age principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heelas suggests that the New Age and modernity are linked in four ways: as a source of identity, consumer culture, the decline of traditional religion, and the rise of personal choice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sects offer other-worldly benefits such as a place in heaven, while cults offer this-worldly benefits for individuals suffering from psychic or organismic deprivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Audience cults are the least organized and do not involve formal commitment or much interaction between members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Detraditionalisation refers to valuing personal experiences over following a spiritual deity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Client cults are based on the relationship between a consultant and client, providing services to their followers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultic movements are highly organized and demand a high level of commitment, rarely allowing members to be part of other religious movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals suffering from economic deprivation or ethical deprivation are most likely to join sects because they are offered other-worldly benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sects offer a theodicy or deprivilege, providing a religious explanation and justification for their suffering.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Since the 1960s, sects like world-rejecting NRMs have begun recruiting from more middle-class groups rather than just the marginalized poor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They form sects to safeguard the original message that had been lost in the church.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>World-accepting churches express their status and bring further success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A response to the social changes involved in modernization and secularisation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Periods of rapid change disrupt norms and values, creating anomie, leading affected individuals to turn to sects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The second generation lacks the belief of the parents, the 'Protestant ethic' effect, and the death of a leader.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Schism, initial fervour, denominationalism, and establishment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They believe they should remain separate from the world and thus avoid becoming denominations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Globalization will make it more difficult for sects to survive but will make recruitment easier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It refers to the influence of asceticism in sects which leads to their prosperity and secularization over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some sects aim to convert large numbers of people, which facilitates their rapid transformation into denominations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Churches are large organizations with millions of members, run by a bureaucratic hierarchy of professional priests, and they claim a monopoly of truth. Sects are small, exclusive groups, hostile to wider society, and led by charismatic leaders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Denominations do not claim a monopoly of truth, unlike churches and sects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both cults and denominations are tolerant of other organizations and do not claim a monopoly of truth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main characteristics are how they see themselves and how they're seen by wider society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Churches tend to be ideologically conservative and are often closely linked to the state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sects are typically led by charismatic leaders who draw in the poor and oppressed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clear religious belief with a clear notion of God, highly critical of the outside world, desire to achieve salvation, members live communally, often have conservative moral codes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>World-accommodating NRMs typically form as breakaways from existing mainstream churches or denominations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>World-affirming NRMs lack conventional features of religion, such as collective worship and organization, and are more focused on offering followers access to spiritual or supernatural powers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sects result from schisms within existing organizations typically because of disagreements about doctrine, whereas cults are new religions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wallis potentially overlooks the diversity of beliefs within NRMs and it is not clear whether he is categorizing them according to the movements or individuals' beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>World-accommodating NRMs focus on religious rather than worldly matters and seek to restore the spiritual purity of religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Freedom from adult responsibilities and the growth of radical, political movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A more idealistic way of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As a response to modernity and the rationalisation of work</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sense of identity and techniques that promise success in this world</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because of rationalisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The loss of meaning and identity in work</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>World-rejecting NRMs offer an idealistic alternative, while world-affirming NRMs provide identity and success techniques within society</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It offered them alternative ideas about the future</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Success in this world</p> Signup and view all the answers