Neurotransmitters Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which practice was popular in the 1800s and assessed the brain by examining enlargements of the skull?

  • Animal behavior studies
  • Phrenology (correct)
  • Brain scans
  • Neuropsychology tests

What did Phrenologists associate with the bumps on the skull?

  • Various personality traits and abilities (correct)
  • Brain damage
  • Controlled brain lesions
  • Cognitive functioning

What was the outcome of the practice of Phrenology?

  • It was proven to be false (correct)
  • It was inconclusive
  • It is still practiced today
  • It was widely accepted

What are Neuropsychology tests presently used for?

<p>Testing cognitive functioning in people with and without brain damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be carefully designed to accommodate influences of language and culture in Neuropsychology tests?

<p>Tests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what type of studies are brain scans used to study behavior in animals with controlled brain lesions?

<p>Studies of behavior in animals with controlled brain lesions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main topic of the text?

<p>Brain mapping methods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is excitatory and increases the chance neurons will communicate?

<p>Glutamate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is inhibitory and dampens neural activity?

<p>GABA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter influences arousal, selective attention, sleep, and memory?

<p>Acetylcholine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is associated with brain arousal, mood, hunger, and sleep?

<p>Norepinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is responsible for mood, temperature regulation, aggression, and sleep cycles?

<p>Serotonin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neuropeptide is a type that relieves pain?

<p>Endorphins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for thinking, planning, attention, language, and aspects of personality?

<p>Frontal lobe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain imaging technique measures changes in blood oxygen level as an indirect correlation of neural activity?

<p>Functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain imaging technique uses magnetic fields to indirectly visualize brain structure and is superior to CT scans in detecting soft tissues?

<p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain imaging technique measures changes in brain activity by examining the consumption of radioactive glucose-like molecules?

<p>Positron emission tomography (PET) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain imaging technique applies strong and rapidly changing magnetic fields to the surface of the skull to enhance or interrupt brain functions?

<p>Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain imaging technique measures tiny magnetic fields to detect electrical activity in the brain and the rest of the nervous system?

<p>Magnetoencephalography (MEG) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of brain cell is responsible for improving the reliability of neurotransmission and controlling blood flow in the brain?

<p>Astrocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the myelin sheath that covers axons?

<p>Speeds neural communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for hearing and understanding language?

<p>Temporal lobe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is involved in movement and muscle control?

<p>Basal ganglia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain plays a key role in fear, excitement, and arousal?

<p>Amygdala (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain connects the cerebral cortex and spinal cord?

<p>Brain stem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is active during emotional arousal and mobilizes the 'fight, flight or freeze' response?

<p>Sympathetic division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is known as the 'master gland' and releases hormones that influence growth, blood pressure, reproductive functions, and interpersonal trust?

<p>Pituitary gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sex hormone is involved in ovulation, menstruation, reproductive health, and development of secondary sex characteristics in females?

<p>Estrogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the observable expression of our genetic makeup?

<p>Phenotype (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of how behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way genes work?

<p>Epigenetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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