Neurotransmitters

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Questions and Answers

Which neurotransmitter is excitatory and increases the chance neurons will communicate?

  • Acetylcholine
  • Serotonin
  • Glutamate (correct)
  • GABA

Which neurotransmitter is inhibitory and dampens neural activity?

  • GABA (correct)
  • Glutamate
  • Dopamine
  • Endorphins

Which neurotransmitter influences arousal, selective attention, sleep, and memory?

  • Acetylcholine (correct)
  • GABA
  • Glutamate
  • Norepinephrine

Which neurotransmitter is associated with motor function and reward?

<p>Dopamine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neuropeptide relieves pain?

<p>Endorphins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for thinking, planning, attention, language, and aspects of personality?

<p>Frontal lobe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most developed area of the human brain, giving us our advanced intellectual abilities?

<p>Cerebral cortex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of brain mapping was popular in the 1800s?

<p>Phrenology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did phrenologists associate with the bumps on the skull?

<p>Personality traits and abilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has the practice of phrenology been proven to be?

<p>False (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are neuropsychology tests presently used for?

<p>Testing cognitive functioning in people with brain damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do neuropsychology tests need to accommodate?

<p>Language and culture influences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what type of studies are neuropsychology tests used in animals?

<p>Studies of behavior in animals with controlled brain lesions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do brain scans assess?

<p>Cognitive functioning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain imaging technique relies on magnetic fields to indirectly visualize brain structure?

<p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of astrocytes in the brain?

<p>Control blood flow in the brain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain imaging technique measures changes in blood oxygen level as an indirect correlation of neural activity?

<p>Functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

<p>Receive information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which glial cell forms the myelin sheath that covers axons and speeds neural communication?

<p>Oligodendrocyte (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neurotransmitters in neural communication?

<p>Serve as chemical messengers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when an electrochemical impulse travels down the membrane of a neuron and results in a neurotransmitter release?

<p>Action potential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lobe of the brain plays a role in hearing, understanding language, and storing autobiographical memories?

<p>Temporal lobe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is involved in movement and muscle control, as well as evaluating goals, risks, rewards, and consequences?

<p>Frontal lobe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain plays a key role in fear, excitement, and arousal?

<p>Amygdala (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain connects the cerebral cortex and spinal cord, and serves as a relay station between the cortex and the rest of the nervous system?

<p>Brain stem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is active during emotional arousal and mobilizes the 'fight, flight, or freeze' response?

<p>Sympathetic division (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is known as the 'master gland' and releases hormones that influence growth, blood pressure, reproductive functions, and interpersonal trust?

<p>Pituitary gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sex hormone is involved in ovulation, menstruation, reproductive health, and development of secondary sex characteristics in females?

<p>Estrogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sex hormone is involved in sex drive, muscle mass, strength, height, red blood cell and sperm production, and the development of secondary sex characteristics in males?

<p>Testosterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of how behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way genes work called?

<p>Epigenetics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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