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Neurotransmitters and Synaptic Transmission

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Neurotransmitters and Synaptic Transmission

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of neurotransmitters?

Regulating heart rate and digestion

Breaking down and reusing neurotransmitters

Forming proteins in the body

Conveying signals from a neuron to a target cell across a synapse (correct)

Which of the following is an example of a monoamine neurotransmitter?

Glutamate

Glycine

Serotonin (correct)

Nitric oxide

In the neurotransmitter process, what happens during the step of 'Binding'?

Neurotransmitter diffuses across synaptic cleft

Inhibits or releases; binds to postsynaptic receptors (correct)

Neurotransmitter is broken down or reused

Neurotransmitter is stored in vesicles

Which neurotransmitter is both excitatory and inhibitory?

Acetylcholine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of muscarinic Ach receptors?

Responding to muscarine as well as acetylcholine Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes neuromodulators from neurotransmitters?

Neuromodulators have a slower response compared to neurotransmitters Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between neurotransmitters and neuromodulators?

Neurotransmitters affect one or two postsynaptic targets at once, while neuromodulators affect a group of postsynaptic targets Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ligand competes with the endogenous ligand for the same binding site on a receptor molecule?

Competitive ligand Signup and view all the answers

What type of substance alters the response to an endogenous ligand?

Noncompetitive ligand Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ligand binds to a receptor and does not activate it, preventing binding by other ligands?

Antagonist Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of an inverse agonist?

It binds to the same receptors as an agonist and exerts the opposite effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an agonist on a receptor?

It initiates normal effects of the transmitter on that receptor Signup and view all the answers