Neuroscience Terminology Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are afferent neurons responsible for?

Stimulating muscles for movement

Carrying nerve impulses away from the CNS

Communication within the brain and spinal cord

Carrying nerve impulses towards the CNS (correct)

What are efferent neurons responsible for?

Carrying nerve impulses towards the CNS

Sensing distortion in body tissues

Communicating between sensory inputs and motor outputs

Carrying nerve impulses away from the CNS (correct)

What are mechanoreceptors?

Sensory receptors that sense distortion in body tissues.

What is the function of interneurons?

To communicate internally within the brain and spinal cord. Signup and view all the answers

The rate of enzyme activity depends on the concentration of the enzyme and the __________.

substrate Signup and view all the answers

What does Km refer to in enzyme kinetics?

Substrate concentration at 1/2 Vmax. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endoderm germ layer?

Develops into the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems. Signup and view all the answers

What does the mesoderm develop into?

Muscles, and much of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems. Signup and view all the answers

What does the ectoderm develop into?

Skin and nervous tissue. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Neuron Types

Afferent Neurons: Sensory neurons that transmit nerve impulses from sensory stimuli to the central nervous system (CNS) and brain.
Efferent Neurons: Motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the CNS to muscles, facilitating movement.

Sensory Receptors

Mechanoreceptors: Specialized sensory receptors that detect distortion in body tissues caused by pressure or movement.

Interneurons

Neurons located within the brain and spinal cord that process information by connecting sensory inputs with motor outputs, playing a crucial role in reflexes and complex behaviors.

Enzyme Kinetics

Enzyme activities depend on the concentrations of both the enzyme and its substrate.
Environmental factors such as temperature and pH levels significantly influence enzyme performance.

Km (Michaelis-Menten Constant)

Represents the substrate concentration at which the reaction velocity is half of the maximum velocity (Vmax).

Germ Layers

Endoderm: The innermost germ layer responsible for forming the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems.
Mesoderm: The middle germ layer that develops into muscles, and components of the circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems.
Ectoderm: The outermost germ layer that gives rise to skin and nervous tissue.

Description

Test your knowledge on key neuroscience terms with this flashcard quiz. Understand the differences between afferent and efferent neurons, and learn about mechanoreceptors and their role in the sensory system. Perfect for students studying biology or neuroscience.