Neuroscience: Sensory Systems Overview

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Questions and Answers

What are the two main components of the vestibular apparatus?

  • Olfactory bulbs and Taste buds
  • Utricle and Saccule (correct)
  • Cochlea and Semicircular canals
  • Retina and Fovea

What primary taste is represented by the flavor of monosodium glutamate?

  • Bitter
  • Sweet
  • Umami (correct)
  • Sour

How often are taste bud cells recycled?

  • Every day
  • Once a month
  • Every week
  • Approximately every two weeks (correct)

Which nerve is NOT involved in the primary gustatory pathways?

<p>Optic nerve (II) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the vestibular apparatus is oriented in the horizontal plane?

<p>Utricle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the three types of opsins in the retina?

<p>To enable color vision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lifespan of olfactory sensory neurons?

<p>2 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which visual pathway structure is responsible for initial processing before reaching the primary visual cortex?

<p>Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure primarily handles angular acceleration in the vestibular system?

<p>Semicircular canals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle explains how sound frequency is determined in the ear?

<p>Place principle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of olfactory receptor genes are estimated to be present in humans?

<p>350 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is loudness perceived in the auditory system?

<p>Through increased rates of hair cell activation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is primarily responsible for automatic focus control?

<p>Lens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by the loss of vision in specific visual fields?

<p>Scotoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the ear includes the Organ of Corti?

<p>Inner ear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory explains the mechanism of color vision that involves three types of cones?

<p>Trichromatic theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily responsible for voluntary actions and object-oriented actions?

<p>Basal ganglia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which EEG frequency ranges are associated with alertness and active concentration?

<p>Beta waves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which learning mechanism involves strengthening synaptic connections through stimulation?

<p>Long-term potentiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of memory involves the conscious recall of facts and events?

<p>Declarative memory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stage of sleep is characterized by rapid eye movement and vivid dreams?

<p>REM sleep (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the process of becoming more sensitive to a stimulus over time?

<p>Sensitization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of memory does not require conscious thought to encode and recall skills and tasks?

<p>Procedural memory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What imaging technique uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues?

<p>MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the frontal lobe?

<p>Motor control and planning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with a lesion in the left parietal lobe?

<p>Dysgraphia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area is responsible for the generation of speech?

<p>Broca's area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the occipital lobe?

<p>Visual processing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is associated with the neocortex?

<p>6 layers of neurons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a result of bilateral temporal lobe lesions?

<p>Klüver-Bucy syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the nucleus accumbens play in the brain?

<p>Reward processing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lobe is primarily responsible for body awareness?

<p>Parietal lobe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormonal neurotransmitter is often referred to as the 'common reward currency'?

<p>Dopamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Wernicke's area?

<p>Language comprehension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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