Neuroscience Chapter: Action Potentials and CNS

What drives the movement of ions across the cell membrane when channels are open?

What is the threshold membrane potential required to initiate an action potential?

Which ion is primarily responsible for both passive diffusion out of the cell and electrostatic pressure into the cell in terms of equilibrium potential?

What occurs during the absolute refractory period?

What happens to the membrane during the relative refractory period?

Which two divisions make up the central nervous system (CNS)?

What function does the hypothalamus primarily serve in the limbic system?

Which neurotransmitters are primarily associated with the ventral tegmental area (VTA)?

What is the primary role of the association cortices in the nervous system?

Which part of the limbic system is primarily involved in motivation and voluntary motion?

Which cells are primarily involved in the electrical transmission within a neuron?

What is the primary function of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Which of the following structures is involved in processing fear and reward?

What is the primary function of glial cells in the nervous system?

Which type of neuron is responsible for converting physical stimuli into electrical signals?

Which type of glial cell is specifically responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system?

What part of a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving information from other cells?

What role do interneurons play in the nervous system?

Which component of the neuron conducts electrical signals from the cell body to the terminal buttons?

What is the main function of neurotransmitter receptors located on dendrites?

Which glial cell type is responsible for cleaning up debris in the nervous system?

What role do dendritic spines play in neuron structure?

What is the primary function of the axon in a neuron?

Which of the following statements about the myelin sheath is true?

What are the Nodes of Ranvier responsible for?

In convergent pathways, how is information processed?

What characteristic of the cell membrane allows for the action of neurotransmitters?

Which statement best describes the structure of a phospholipid in a cell membrane?

What type of glial cells myelinate nerves in the peripheral nervous system?

What is the primary role of receptor proteins in cell membranes?

Which type of ion channel opens in response to changes in electrical potential across the membrane?

What describes the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

What process is referred to when a phosphate group is added or removed from an intracellular protein affecting ion channel activity?

Which statement about ion channels is true when they are open?

What ions are typically more concentrated outside a neuron at resting membrane potential?

Which type of transporter protein primarily uses energy to move molecules across the membrane?

Which of the following correctly identifies the state of the cell membrane during resting membrane potential?

What initiates the hyperpolarization seen in inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs)?

Which type of cell forms myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS)?

What is true about action potentials in neurons?

What does saltatory conduction refer to in myelinated neurons?

Which statement about local potentials is correct?

What is the role of the Na+/K+ pump in neuron function?

What effect does local anesthesia like Novocain have on nerve cells?

Which type of summation involves the addition of multiple stimuli occurring at different locations?