Neuroscience Chapter 5 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What primarily determines the flux of ions across a membrane?

  • Electrochemical driving force and conductance (correct)
  • Electrical resistance alone
  • Concentration gradient only
  • Only membrane capacitance
  • What does the Nernst equation help to calculate?

  • Equilibrium potential for specific ions (correct)
  • Graded potential magnitude
  • Resting membrane potential
  • Action potential threshold
  • What is the primary function of ion channels?

  • To generate resting membrane potential
  • To selectively allow ions to cross the membrane (correct)
  • To store electrical charge
  • To increase electrical resistance
  • What does resistance in the context of membrane properties refer to?

    <p>The relative inability of electrical charges to migrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes resting membrane potential?

    <p>It represents the electrical charge difference across the membrane at rest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method by which the brain controls the body?

    <p>Electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary muscle movement?

    <p>Somatic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an action potential?

    <p>The brief reversal of membrane potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system includes both the brain and the spinal cord?

    <p>Central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes organic electrochemical neurons from wire conductors?

    <p>Organic neurons involve chemical processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of synapses in the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit signals between neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of action potentials in nerve impulses?

    <p>They propagate signals along neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the flocculonodular lobe?

    <p>Balance and vestibular function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the cerebellar cortex contains Purkinje cells?

    <p>Purkinje cell layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is associated with lesions in the vestibulocerebellum?

    <p>Loss of equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fiber is an afferent to the cerebellum?

    <p>Mossy fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motor deficit is characterized by a loss of smooth and coordinated movements?

    <p>Ataxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the reticular formation?

    <p>Regulation of blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which descending motor pathway specifically controls distal muscles?

    <p>Corticospinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reflex is responsible for stabilizing gaze during head movement?

    <p>Vestibulo-ocular reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary motor cortex is associated with which of the following?

    <p>Control of voluntary movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is NOT part of the brain stem?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of muscle control do the medial motor pathways primarily oversee?

    <p>Control of posture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is involved in the preparation for and planning of exercise?

    <p>Premotor area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic function of the ascending reticular activating system?

    <p>Arousal and attention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the propagation of action potentials in myelinated fibers?

    <p>Saltatory conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the action potential is characterized by the influx of sodium ions?

    <p>Depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the length constant defined in relation to electrotonic signals?

    <p>The distance over which a signal falls to 37% of its initial value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the threshold refer to in the context of action potentials?

    <p>The minimum depolarization needed to trigger an action potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of receptors are glutamate receptors classified as?

    <p>Ionotropic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic behavior of action potentials described by 'all-or-none'?

    <p>They either occur fully or not at all when the threshold is reached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of the cell membrane is represented by the time constant?

    <p>The resistance and capacitance of the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process describes the local response conducted to the trigger zone of the neuron?

    <p>Electrotonic conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In chemical synapses, what role do neurotransmitters play?

    <p>Transmit signals between neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes voltage-gated K+ channels from voltage-gated Na+ channels?

    <p>K+ channels contribute to repolarization after depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

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