Neuroscience Brain Lesion Techniques Quiz

A method of studying brain function by selectively destroying a part of the brain and observing the behavioral changes in an animal.

A wound or injury in the brain that can be used to study brain function.

Experiments where a brain lesion is created and the resulting behavior is observed, revealing the function of the damaged area.

A method of creating brain lesions where cortical tissue is carefully sucked away using a suction device.

Creating lesions using a heated wire to destroy cells and passing axons in a specific brain area.

Creating lesions by surgically cutting a specific path in the brain, often used to disrupt nerve pathways.

A method of creating brain lesions by injecting an excitatory amino acid into the brain, killing neurons but leaving axons intact.

The unintended damage to brain regions surrounding the target area caused by the insertion of an electrode or cannula during a brain lesion procedure.

A control group in lesion studies where an electrode or cannula is inserted without actually producing the lesion, mimicking the physical trauma of the procedure.

A method of selectively killing specific types of neurons by attaching a toxic protein (saporin) to antibodies that bind to particular proteins present only on those neurons.

Temporarily interrupting the activity of a specific brain region by injecting an anesthetic, muscimol, or by cooling the target structure.

The ability to precisely locate objects in space.

An apparatus that holds an animal's head in a stable position and allows for precise movements of an electrode or cannula in three dimensions.

A guide containing images of brain sections used to locate specific brain structures during stereotaxic surgery.

The junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures at the top of the skull used as a reference point in stereotaxic surgery.

The process of using a stereotaxic apparatus to precisely insert an electrode or cannula into a specific location in an animal brain.

A medical imaging technique that uses X-rays to create cross-sectional images of the body. It can detect differences in tissue density, such as tumors or bleeding.

A structural brain-imaging technique that uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain.

In MRI, the nuclei of hydrogen atoms align themselves in a magnetic field, are flipped by radio waves, and then release energy as they return to their original position. This energy is detected to produce images.

A high-resolution brain-imaging technique that measures the diffusion of water molecules in brain tissue to visualize white matter fiber tracts.

A technique that measures the electrical activity of neurons by placing microelectrodes inside or near individual neurons.

A type of MRI that uses a strong magnetic field to align hydrogen atoms in the brain. Radio waves are then used to temporarily disrupt this alignment, causing the atoms to emit a signal that is detected and used to produce images of the brain.

A technique that measures the electrical activity of neurons by placing electrodes on the scalp.

A medical imaging technique that uses sound waves to create images of the inside of the body. It is used to diagnose a variety of conditions, including a tumors, blood clots, and muscle and tendon injuries.

A medical imaging technique that uses radioactive tracers to create images of the inside of the body, particularly the brain. It is used to assess brain activity and function, and to detect tumors, infections, and other disorders.

A brain imaging technique that measures brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow. It is used to assess brain function, such as cognitive tasks and emotional processing.

fMRI detects changes in blood oxygen levels, which is known as the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal. A stronger BOLD signal indicates greater brain activity in that region.

A brain imaging technique that uses a radioactive tracer to measure brain activity by tracking the glucose uptake in different brain regions. Areas with higher glucose uptake indicate increased brain activity.

A technique used in PET scans where a tracer molecule, 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), which is a radioactive sugar, is injected into the bloodstream of a subject. The 2-DG is taken up by active neurons in the brain.

A measure of how much detail can be seen in a brain image. Higher spatial resolution means that structures in the brain can be seen more clearly.

A positive electrical wave in the brain that occurs around 300 milliseconds after a meaningful stimulus is presented.

A technique used to enhance weak electrical signals in the brain by averaging multiple recordings, reducing background noise.

Recording brain activity using electrodes directly implanted into the brain tissue.

The production of a magnetic field by the flow of electrical current. Neurons firing create magnetic fields.

A neuroimaging technique that measures the magnetic fields produced by brain activity, providing high spatial resolution and temporal precision.

Devices containing SQUIDs (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices) that detect and measure extremely weak magnetic fields.

The rate of cellular metabolism in the brain increases when a brain region is active, using more energy.

A radioactive sugar analog that is taken up by active neurons and can be used to map brain activity.

A technique used to visualize the distribution of radioactivity in brain tissue, revealing areas of high metabolic activity.

Genes that are rapidly activated in response to neuronal stimulation, producing proteins involved in synaptic plasticity and gene expression.