Neurons and Neuronal Interfaces

What are the common shapes of neuron cell bodies?

What is the primary function of dendrites in neurons?

Which statement about axons is correct?

Which type of neuronal cell typically exhibits a single process?

What role do glial cells serve in comparison to neurons?

Where are axons in the peripheral nervous system covered that aids in recovery after damage?

What is the approximate distance between membranes at a synapse?

Which of these types of glial cells are primarily involved with support and repair in the nervous system?

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that LSD competes with at the synapse?

Neurons

The cerebral cortex contains approximately 20-25 billion neurons.
Neuron shapes include pyramidal and stellate.
Neuron cell bodies contain cytoplasm, a nucleus, and a nucleolus.
Dendrites receive information from other neurons.
Dendritic growth is observed in learning, with 45 orders noted. Individuals with Down's syndrome sometimes lack these higher-order dendrites.
Most neurons possess a single axon, and their width ranges from 1 to 4 micrometers.
Axons contain axoplasm, similar to cytoplasm but lacking ribosomes.
Axons transmit signals to the end of the axon terminal, a common point for neurotransmitter release.
Most axons are myelinated.
Axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) have neurilema, aiding recovery from damage.

Neuronal Interfaces

Gap junctions occur when membranes are less than 2 nanometers apart.
Synapses are interfaces between axon terminals and dendrites/soma/axons; separated by about 10–15 nanometers.
Many drugs interact with neurotransmitters or synapse processes. Examples include LSD competing with serotonin.

Neuron Process Classification

Unipolar neurons have one process.
Bipolar neurons have two processes.
Multipolar neurons have three or more processes.

Glial Cells

Glial cells outnumber neurons by approximately 5-10 times.
Glial cell processes form a vast syncytium, a network mostly composed of gap junctions.
Types of glial cells include astroglia, oligodendroglia, and microglia.

Explore the fascinating world of neurons, their structures, and functions in this quiz. Learn about the different types of neurons, dendritic growth, and how synapses facilitate communication between them. This knowledge is crucial for understanding the nervous system.