16 Questions
Which cells support and protect neuronal cells, maintain extracellular environment, insulate axons, and provide immune functions?
Astrocytes
Which transmembrane protein moves ions against the electrochemical gradient?
Ion transporters
Which cells form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system?
Oligodendrocytes
Which region of a neuron brings information to the cell body?
Dendrites
What type of channels are responsible for the resting potential of a neuron?
Leaky potassium channels and voltage-gated sodium channels
During depolarization of a neuron, what happens to the membrane potential?
The inside becomes less negative as sodium enters the cell
What is the function of nodes of Ranvier in the conduction of nerve impulses?
They allow for saltatory conduction by facilitating the jumping of signals from node to node
At the chemical synapse between a motor neuron and skeletal muscle, where are neurotransmitters released?
Presynaptic membrane
Which transmembrane protein is responsible for maintaining the positive outside and negative inside the cell, by pumping 3 sodium ions out and 2 potassium ions in?
Sodium Potassium pump
Which type of glial cell forms myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system?
Schwann cells
Which part of a neuron is responsible for carrying information away from the cell body?
Axon
Which type of glial cell is involved in immune defense, clearing up infections, and removing debris of dead cells in the nervous system?
Microglia
What type of channel is responsible for the resting potential of a neuron?
Leaky potassium channel
What is the main function of nodes of Ranvier in the conduction of nerve impulses?
To increase the speed of conduction
Where do neurons communicate with other neurons or target cells at synapses?
Synaptic cleft
What is the primary difference between electrical and chemical synapses?
Speed of transmission
Test your knowledge of neurons and the nervous system with this quiz. Learn about the two main types of cells in the nervous system, neurons, and glial cells. Explore the functions and structures of neurons, including the cell body, dendrites, and axon.
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