Neurons and Glial Cells Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of astrocytes in the central nervous system?

  • Supporting neuron development
  • Providing myelin sheaths in the CNS
  • Forming the blood-brain barrier (correct)
  • Modulating fluid levels in the brain

    • Which type of glial cells provide myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system?

  • Schwann cells (correct)
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Microglia
  • Astrocytes

    • What is the main function of microglia in the central nervous system?

  • Providing myelin sheaths in the CNS
  • Primary immune defense for the blood-brain barrier and CNS (correct)
  • Supporting neuron development
  • Forming the blood-brain barrier

    • What is the term for the site of communication between neurons or between a neuron and a muscle or gland?

    <p>Synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of synapse involves ion current flow through connexon channels from the presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic neuron?

    <p>Electrical synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes vesicles to bind with the presynaptic terminal and release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft in a chemical synapse?

    <p>Influx of calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the equilibrium potential (EP) indicate?

    <p>The electric potential when ions have opposing chemical and electrical forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion has higher concentration outside the cell?

    <p>$Na^+$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Goldman equation calculate?

    <p>Membrane potential considering the contribution of different ion species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of gap junction/leak channels in ion movement?

    <p>Facilitate movement of ions across cell membranes through large pores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system?

    <p>Providing myelin sheaths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of ion movement, what does the equilibrium potential (EP) indicate?

    <p>The electric potential when chemical and electric forces are equal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?

    <p>Providing myelin sheaths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion has a higher concentration outside the cell based on the text?

    <p>Sodium (Na+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microglia in the central nervous system according to the text?

    <p>Serving as the primary immune defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of electrical synapses according to the text?

    <p>Transmission of passive current flow across connexon channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of astrocytes in the central nervous system?

    <p>Forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes vesicles to bind with the presynaptic terminal and release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft in a chemical synapse as per the text?

    <p>Action potential opening Ca 2+ channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $5(7 + 3)$ What does the Goldman equation calculate according to the text?

    <p>Electrical potential difference across the membrane produced by an unequal net distribution of all positive and negative charges across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells as per the text?

    <p>Size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by convergence in terms of neuronal connections?

    <p>Several inputs to a single neuron at the dendrite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of membrane potential according to the text?

    <p>Maintaining balance between electric and chemical forces in neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Goldman equation as per the text?

    <p>Calculates the membrane potential factoring in the relative contribution of different ion species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of microglia in the central nervous system based on the text?

    <p>Primary immune defense for the blood-brain barrier and CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of astrocytes in the central nervous system according to the text?

    <p>Defense, forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system according to the text?

    <p>Provide myelin sheaths in the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes vesicles to bind with the presynaptic terminal and release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft in a chemical synapse as per the text?

    <p>Action potential opens Ca 2+ channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of synapse involves ion current flow through connexon channels from the presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic neuron?

    <p>Electrical synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by convergence in terms of neuronal connections as per the text?

    <p>Several inputs to a single neuron at the dendrite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the equilibrium potential (EP) indicate based on the text?

    <p>The electric potential E when electric and chemical forces exactly oppose each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion has a higher concentration outside the cell based on the text?

    <p>Na+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by divergence in terms of neuronal connections as per the text?

    <p>A number of outputs or targets innervated by the neuron at the axon terminal</p> Signup and view all the answers

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