Neuronal Synapses and Signaling Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of synapses?

  • Form blood vessels in the brain
  • Enable rapid communication of information (correct)
  • Produce hormones in the brain
  • Generate electrical energy in the brain

Where does synaptic transmission occur?

  • At the synapse (correct)
  • In the muscles
  • In the blood vessels
  • In the spinal cord

Which part of the synapse is responsible for neurotransmitter release?

  • Postsynaptic receptor
  • Presynaptic terminal (axon bouton) (correct)
  • Synaptic vesicles
  • Postsynaptic density

What is the role of postsynaptic receptors?

<p>Responsible for reception of the transmitter and converting chemical information back to electrical information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is presynaptic transmitter release achieved?

<p>Exocytosis of synaptic vesicles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of SNAREs in transmitter release?

<p>Regulate synaptic vesicle fusion and recycling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of neuronal synapses?

<p>To regulate communication between neurons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of NMDA receptors?

<p>To act as a coincidence detector for pre- and postsynaptic activation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors do glutamatergic synapses contain?

<p>AMPA and NMDA receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for current to flow into the cell through NMDA receptors?

<p>Glutamate release and postsynaptic depolarization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of postsynaptic apparatus at neuronal synapses?

<p>To receive neurotransmitters and allow regulated communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a measure of pre- and postsynaptic co-activation?

<p>Magnitude of calcium influx through the NMDA receptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ion is AMPA receptor permeable to?

<p>Na+ and K+ ions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of magnesium (Mg++) in NMDA receptors at resting membrane potentials?

<p>It blocks the receptor for ion flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for inhibitory synaptic transmission in the brain?

<p>GABA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of GABA and glycine receptors on the postsynapse?

<p>Decreasing the probability of firing an action potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary excitatory transmitter in the brain?

<p>Glutamate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mGluRs in synaptic transmission?

<p>Activating the neuron through second messenger pathways (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do NMDA receptors exhibit that makes their conductance of ions voltage-gated?

<p>They are blocked by magnesium (Mg++) at resting membrane potentials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of AMPA and NMDA receptors in the postsynaptic membrane?

<p>Conducting current to activate the neuron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between ion conductance in AMPA and NMDA receptors?

<p>NMDA receptors exhibit voltage-gated conductance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glutamate receptor does not conduct current but instead activates the neuron through second messenger pathways?

<p>Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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