Neuronal Synapses and Signaling Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of synapses?

  • Form blood vessels in the brain
  • Enable rapid communication of information (correct)
  • Produce hormones in the brain
  • Generate electrical energy in the brain

    • Where does synaptic transmission occur?

  • At the synapse (correct)
  • In the muscles
  • In the blood vessels
  • In the spinal cord

    • Which part of the synapse is responsible for neurotransmitter release?

  • Postsynaptic receptor
  • Presynaptic terminal (axon bouton) (correct)
  • Synaptic vesicles
  • Postsynaptic density

    • What is the role of postsynaptic receptors?

    <p>Responsible for reception of the transmitter and converting chemical information back to electrical information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is presynaptic transmitter release achieved?

    <p>Exocytosis of synaptic vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of SNAREs in transmitter release?

    <p>Regulate synaptic vesicle fusion and recycling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of neuronal synapses?

    <p>To regulate communication between neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of NMDA receptors?

    <p>To act as a coincidence detector for pre- and postsynaptic activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptors do glutamatergic synapses contain?

    <p>AMPA and NMDA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for current to flow into the cell through NMDA receptors?

    <p>Glutamate release and postsynaptic depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of postsynaptic apparatus at neuronal synapses?

    <p>To receive neurotransmitters and allow regulated communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a measure of pre- and postsynaptic co-activation?

    <p>Magnitude of calcium influx through the NMDA receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ion is AMPA receptor permeable to?

    <p>Na+ and K+ ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of magnesium (Mg++) in NMDA receptors at resting membrane potentials?

    <p>It blocks the receptor for ion flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for inhibitory synaptic transmission in the brain?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of GABA and glycine receptors on the postsynapse?

    <p>Decreasing the probability of firing an action potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary excitatory transmitter in the brain?

    <p>Glutamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mGluRs in synaptic transmission?

    <p>Activating the neuron through second messenger pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do NMDA receptors exhibit that makes their conductance of ions voltage-gated?

    <p>They are blocked by magnesium (Mg++) at resting membrane potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of AMPA and NMDA receptors in the postsynaptic membrane?

    <p>Conducting current to activate the neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between ion conductance in AMPA and NMDA receptors?

    <p>NMDA receptors exhibit voltage-gated conductance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of glutamate receptor does not conduct current but instead activates the neuron through second messenger pathways?

    <p>Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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