Neuron Structure and Function Quiz

Neuron Structure and Function

• Neurons transmit information through electrical and chemical signals.
• Dendrites receive signals from other neurons.
• The cell body integrates signals.
• The axon transmits signals to other neurons.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

• The CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
• It integrates sensory information, processes responses, and controls the body.

Nerve Tracts and Fibers Classification

• Nerve tracts are bundles of nerve fibers that transmit signals between parts of the nervous system.
• Afferent (sensory) fibers transmit signals from the body to the CNS.
• Efferent (motor) fibers transmit signals from the CNS to the body.

Central Nervous System Development

• The CNS develops from the neural tube, a hollow structure that forms in the embryo.
• The neural tube differentiates into the brain and spinal cord.

Neuroglia and Supporting Cells

• Neuroglia provide support and protection for neurons.
• Astrocytes provide structural support, regulate blood flow, and maintain the chemical environment.
• Oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS.
• Microglia are phagocytic cells that remove cellular debris and pathogens.

White and Grey Matter Distribution

• White matter is composed of myelinated nerve fibers.
• Grey matter contains the cell bodies of neurons.
• White matter is found in the deeper regions of the brain and spinal cord.
• Grey matter is found in the outer layers.

Ascending Tracts

• Transmit sensory information from the body to the brain.
• Spinothalamic tract carries pain, temperature, and crude touch sensations.
• Dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway carries fine touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception sensations.

Descending Tracts

• Transmit motor information from the brain to the body.
• Corticospinal tract controls voluntary movements of the limbs.
• Vestibulospinal tract controls balance and posture.

Test your knowledge on the structure and function of neurons and the central nervous system. This quiz covers topics such as nerve tracts, fibers, and the development of the CNS. Perfect for students studying biology or neuroscience.