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Questions and Answers
How do neurons communicate?
How do neurons communicate?
Through electrical and chemical signals.
What is the role of the respiratory center in the brainstem?
What is the role of the respiratory center in the brainstem?
To give an appropriate breathing pattern.
What does the myelin sheath do?
What does the myelin sheath do?
- Insulates the axon (correct)
- Transmits electrical impulses (correct)
- Supports the neuron structurally
- Produces neurotransmitters
Saltatory conduction involves jumping between nodes.
Saltatory conduction involves jumping between nodes.
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What is the difference between saltatory conduction and continuous conduction?
What is the difference between saltatory conduction and continuous conduction?
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Study Notes
Neuron Communication
- Neurons communicate through electrochemical signals.
Respiratory Center in Brainstem
- The respiratory center in the brainstem controls breathing patterns.
- It receives sensory inputs, which influence breathing.
- The respiratory center generates a repetitive output.
- The respiratory center is involved in complex mental processing tasks.
Myelination
- Schwann cells produce myelin sheaths around nerve axons.
- Myelin sheaths insulate axons, improving signal transmission speed.
- Nodes of Ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath, where action potentials are generated.
Myelinated vs Unmyelinated Axons
- Myelinated axons allow for saltatory conduction, where action potentials jump between nodes of Ranvier.
- This results in faster signal transmission than in unmyelinated axons.
- Unmyelinated axons undergo continuous conduction, where action potentials travel along the entire length of the axon.
- This leads to slower signal transmission.
Membrane Potential
- Membrane potential is the difference in electrical charge across the cell membrane of a neuron.
- It plays a crucial role in neuron communication by determining the direction of signal flow.
Neurotransmitters
- Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that facilitate communication between neurons at synapses.
- They bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, triggering changes in membrane potential.
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