Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which neurological deficits can help localize the lesion in cases of hemiparesis?
Which neurological deficits can help localize the lesion in cases of hemiparesis?
A ‘pure motor’ hemiparesis is most likely caused by a lesion in which area?
A ‘pure motor’ hemiparesis is most likely caused by a lesion in which area?
What is suggested if hemiparesis is present without cranial nerve signs or facial weakness?
What is suggested if hemiparesis is present without cranial nerve signs or facial weakness?
What syndrome occurs with a high cervical spinal cord hemiparesis?
What syndrome occurs with a high cervical spinal cord hemiparesis?
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Which type of paralysis consists of ipsilateral cranial nerve signs and contralateral hemiparesis?
Which type of paralysis consists of ipsilateral cranial nerve signs and contralateral hemiparesis?
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Study Notes
Hemiparesis: Causes and Localization
- Hemiparesis arises from upper motor neuron lesions above the midcervical spinal cord, usually located above the foramen magnum.
- Accompanying neurological symptoms help pinpoint the lesion's location.
- Language impairments indicate a cortical lesion.
- Homonymous visual field deficits suggest a cortical or subcortical hemispheric lesion.
- Isolated hemiparesis (affecting face, arm, and leg) commonly stems from small lesions within the posterior limb of the internal capsule, cerebral peduncle, or upper pons.
- Some brainstem lesions lead to "crossed paralyses," featuring ipsilateral cranial nerve signs and contralateral hemiparesis.
- Absence of cranial nerve signs or facial weakness implies a high cervical spinal cord lesion, especially when combined with Brown-Séquard syndrome.
- Brown-Séquard syndrome involves ipsilateral loss of joint position and vibration senses and contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensations.
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Description
Explore the causes and localization of hemiparesis as related to upper motor neuron lesions. This quiz covers symptoms indicating lesion locations, including language and visual field impairments. Test your understanding of conditions like Brown-Séquard syndrome and the implications of various neurologic signs.
