Neurological Care and Management Quiz
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Questions and Answers

During hospitalization, a child experiences a grand-mal seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

  • Administer a benzodiazepine IM
  • Put a padded tongue blade in between the teeth
  • Perform a jaw thrust and administer oxygen (correct)
  • Restrain the child securely

Which of the following findings would be most supportive of the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis?

  • A history of an autoimmune disease
  • A history of a viral infection
  • A history of a spinal cord injury
  • A history of muscle weakness improved with rest (correct)

Which of the following risk factors should the nurse identify as the most important factor contributing to a stroke?

  • Obesity
  • Smoking
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • Hypertension (correct)

The nurse is caring for a client who has aphasia following a cerebrovascular accident. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

<p>Attempt repetition with phrases when speaking to the client (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is a priority for the nurse to perform first in a client with a spinal cord injury who complains of a headache?

<p>Take the blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The patient with a spinal cord injury is at risk for pneumonia and respiratory arrest, you should plan to:

<p>Monitor blood values. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You are caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. What will you do in the client's care?

<p>Encourage the client to sit in a reclining, soft chair without arms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The physician tells a client with multiple sclerosis that it is a chronic progressive neurologic condition. The client asks the nurse, "Will I experience pain?" The most appropriate response by the nurse is which of the following?

<p>&quot;Tell me about your fears regarding pain.&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You are caring for a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Which of the following would indicate the client's condition is deteriorating?

<p>Respiratory infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse's response should be based on an understanding that meningitis is a

<p>Cerebrospinal infection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You are caring for a patient with atrioventricular malformation who is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following should be the priority in the care?

<p>Administer intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Immediately following a spinal cord injury, a client's family asks the nurse, "Is the damage the client presents with in the emergency room as bad as it seems?" The most appropriate response by the nurse is which of the following?

<p>&quot;Because of edema around the spinal cord, it is difficult to evaluate the extent of the injury for up to 1 week.&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You see a client with myasthenia gravis at 5pm. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse anticipate the client to report?

<p>Double vision and muffled, nasal-quality speech (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse's plan of care for a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome is based on an understanding of which of the following disease processes?

<p>Segmental demyelination of the ventral and dorsal nerve roots in the spinal cord and medulla (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate information regarding a client suspected of having a C4 injury?

<p>Ask the client to shrug the shoulders while applying downward pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client has difficulty communicating because of expressive aphasia following a cerebrovascular accident. When the nurse asks how the client is feeling, the spouse answers for the client. The nurse should?

<p>Acknowledge the spouse but look at the client for a response. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement made by the spouse of a client with multiple sclerosis indicates to the nurse an understanding of the home-care needs for this client?

<p>&quot;I will put up handrails in the shower.&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about with Lou Gehrig disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?

<p>Death frequently occurs from decreased respiratory function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In planning the post-op care after cranial surgery, the nurse should place the client in which of the following positions?

<p>Elevate the head of bed 30° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client post-op following a craniotomy. The nurse formulates which of the following goals as the priority goal when caring for this client?

<p>Prevent increased intracranial pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following findings about cerebrospinal fluid analysis should the nurse report?

<p>White blood cells 100/ml (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You will need what in assessing cranial nerve X?

<p>A tuning fork (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A mother asks the nurse if the seizures her child is experiencing will last a lifetime. The appropriate response by the nurse would be which of the following?

<p>Your child is experiencing a type of seizure called typical absence seizure and it may or may not go away. Each child is different. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is caring for a client with increased intracranial pressure. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse immediately report?

<p>Absence of papillary response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tasks may be appropriately delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel?

<p>Monitor the temperature in a client who had a spinal cord injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You should monitor a client receiving pyridostigmine (Mestinon) for?

<p>Constipation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse should assess for which of the following after slowly administering lorazepam (Ativan) intravenously to a client who has been experiencing seizures in rapid succession?

<p>Respiratory depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A client is taking phenytoin (Dilantin) 200 mg daily. The nurse monitors the client for which of the following adverse reactions?

<p>Diarrhea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nurse infuses phenytoin (Dilantin) with which of the following solutions to control seizures?

<p>D5W 0.5 normal saline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phenytoin (Dilantin) has been prescribed for a client. Based on an understanding of medication, the nurse caring for the client should?

<p>Administer good oral hygiene. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Absence seizure

A seizure disorder characterized by sudden, brief, and recurring lapses of consciousness.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A neurological disorder that causes progressive muscle weakness and atrophy.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A chronic progressive neurologic condition that affects the central nervous system and disrupts the flow of information within the brain.

Stroke

A serious medical condition that occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted.

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Myasthenia Gravis

A condition that causes muscle weakness and fatigue.

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Meningitis

A serious medical condition that affects the covering of the brain and spinal cord.

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Hydrocephalus

A condition that occurs when the flow of cerebrospinal fluid is blocked.

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Grand Mal Seizure

A type of seizure that causes a loss of consciousness and convulsive movements.

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Guillain-Barré Syndrome

A condition that causes progressive muscle weakness and paralysis.

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Brain Injury

A condition that occurs when there is damage to the brain tissue.

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Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)

A condition that causes an abnormal increase in pressure inside the skull.

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Parkinson's Disease

A disorder that causes tremors, rigidity, and slow movements.

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Aphasia

A condition that affects the ability to communicate.

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Spinal Cord Injury

A condition that affects the spinal cord.

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Dysphagia

A condition that affects the ability to swallow.

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Anticonvulsant Medication

A type of medication that is used to treat seizures.

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Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)

A type of medication that is used to treat myasthenia gravis.

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Lorazepam (Ativan)

A type of medication that is used to treat anxiety and seizures.

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Phenytoin (Dilantin)

A type of medication that is used to treat seizures.

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Intravenous (IV) Administration

The process of giving medication through a vein.

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis

The process of examining the cerebrospinal fluid.

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Pupillary Response

The process of examining the eyes.

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Cranial Nerve X Evaluation (Vagus Nerve)

The process of examining the ability to hear.

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Vital Sign Monitoring

The process of monitoring vital signs.

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Nurse

A type of medical professional who provides care to patients.

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Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP)

A type of medical professional who can assist nurses with patient care.

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Physician

A type of medical professional who provides care to patients.

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Spouse

A type of medical professional who provides care to patients.

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Study Notes

Seizure Management in Children

  • During a grand mal seizure in a hospitalised child, the nurse should put a padded tongue blade between the teeth, perform a jaw thrust, and give oxygen.
  • Administering an IM benzodiazepine is also an appropriate action.

Myasthenia Gravis Diagnosis

  • A history of muscle weakness that improves with rest is a strong indicator for myasthenia gravis.

Stroke Risk Factors

  • The most important risk factor for stroke is hypertension.

Aphasia Care Plan

  • When caring for a client with aphasia, attempt to use simple and clear phrases to communicate rather than speaking louder. This approach is more effective in helping them understand. Assume the client might misunderstand what is said, and don't assume that they are unable to communicate.

Spinal Cord Injury Headache Priority

  • In a client with a spinal cord injury complaining of a headache, taking the blood pressure is the first priority action.

Parkinson's Disease Care

  • Encourage clients with Parkinson's to use a comfortable, supportive chair without armrests.

Multiple Sclerosis and Pain

  • When a person with multiple sclerosis asks whether they will experience pain, tell them to tell the nurse about pain fears, describe that pain is not a usual symptom, and suggest making a list of questions to ask the physician.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome Deterioration

  • Signs of deteriorating Guillain-Barré Syndrome include petechiae and ecchymoses (skin bruising).

Meningitis

  • Meningitis is a cerebrospinal infection.

Atrioventricular Malformation Surgery Priority

  • The most important priority when caring for a patient with atrioventricular malformation scheduled for surgery is emotional support.

Spinal Cord Injury and Pneumonia Risk

  • Patients with spinal cord injuries are at risk for pneumonia and respiratory arrest. Therefore, it is vital for the nursing plan to include measures to prevent aspiration, pneumonia, and respiratory arrest. Preventative strategies involve monitoring blood values, avoiding supine position, and encouraging deep breathing exercises.

Parkinson's Disease and Feeding

  • Offer a client with Parkinson's disease a bed pan every 2 hours.
  • Encourage the client to eat foods rich in calcium.

Seizures and Duration

  • A nurse should not tell a parent that a child's seizures will last a lifetime. The most appropriate response is to explain that seizures can be controlled by antiepileptic medications, but the type, and whether seizures will last a lifetime is unpredictable and can differ between clients.

Intracranial Pressure Assessment

  • Monitoring the absence or presence of a pupillary response, particularly its absence, is critically important in assessing increased intracranial pressure. This assessment should be done and reported immediately.

Ulncered Assistive Personnel (UAP) Tasks

  • Unlicensed assistive personnel can typically monitor vital signs like temperature in patients. Additional tasks require medical training and supervision. Delegating tasks beyond their skills and training is not appropriate.

Phenytoin (Dilantin) Monitoring

  • Monitor clients taking Phenytoin (Dilantin) for adverse reactions such as diarrhea, skin itching, sedation, and hypertension
  • Maintain a Dilantin level within 30-50µg/mL
  • Dilute IV Dilantin with 5% dextrose.

Lorazepam Administration

  • Assess for respiratory depression after Lorazepam (Ativan) administration, considering the possibility of seizures in rapid succession. Monitor for tachycardia, hypertension, and tissue hypoxia.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis Findings

  • Report abnormal findings of cerebrospinal fluid during the analysis. Normal findings include clear, colorless fluid with a low white blood cell count and appropriate glucose and protein levels.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the management of various neurological conditions in children and adults. This quiz covers essential topics such as seizure management, myasthenia gravis diagnosis, stroke risk factors, aphasia care, and spinal cord injury priorities. Challenge yourself to improve your understanding of these critical nursing practices.

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