chapter 6 patho

What type of genetic disorders require homozygous alleles to be expressed?

Which type of birth defects involve the tissues of the nervous system?

In which disorder inheritance pattern, the offspring are carriers if one parent is heterozygous?

What condition is linked to alcohol exposure during fetal development and results in cognitive impairment and physical disability?

Which disease is characterized by impaired movements, emotions, and cognition and typically appears by mid-40s?

What is the term for heritable alterations where the DNA remains unchanged?

Which condition in females is characterized by the alteration in chromosome number where one of the X chromosomes is missing or partially missing?

People with identical alleles on each chromosome are known to be:

What might be recommended for pregnant women to help prevent neural tube defects?

A sex-linked genetic disorder that follows Mendelian inheritance patterns and causes defects on the X chromosomes is:

Double-stranded DNA containing threadlike sections of genes found in the cell nucleus is known as:

In autosomal recessive inheritance patterns, if one parent is a carrier, the children will have a _______% chance of being carriers.

What is the term for a condition characterized by alteration in chromosome number with three copies of chromosome 21?

Which condition involves the presence of two different alleles on each chromosome?

When the father is the carrier in sex-linked disorders, which group will have a 50% chance of being carriers?

What type of disorder inheritance pattern is transmitted only to daughters?

What might be recommended for pregnant women to help prevent neural tube defects?

Which disorder involves a form of gene where one allele is more likely to be expressed in a person?

What is the term for a sex-linked genetic disorder that causes defects on X chromosomes?

In autosomal recessive inheritance patterns, what is the likelihood that children of one carrier parent will also be carriers?

$TORCH$ diseases can cause damage to the fetus if exposed. What does $TORCH$ stand for?

$Prader-Willi$ and $Angelman$ syndromes illustrate the influence of an imprinting defect on which chromosome?

What is the chance of a child being affected by a neurologic disorder caused by degeneration of the basal ganglia and cortical regions of the brain when both parents are heterozygous for the autosomal dominant gene?

What type of inheritance results in the presence of a trait when both parents are carriers of a mutation involving two recessive alleles?

Which type of spinal bifida involves incomplete closure with protrusion of meninges and cerebrospinal fluid?

What term is used for diseases that are present at birth and are due to gene-environment interactions from fertilization until birth?

What do oocytes and sperm collectively represent?

What type of genetic disorders require homozygous alleles to be expressed?

In an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, if both parents are carriers, what percentage of children will be unaffected?

What is the term for the combination of cells with the regular chromosome number and those with an altered chromosome number?

Which word best describes the involvement of multiple alleles at different locations affecting phenotype?

What is the term for rapid, involuntary, repetitive movements of face, trunk, and limbs often seen in Huntington's disease?

In autosomal recessive inheritance patterns, when one parent is heterozygous, what is the allele configuration for the disorder?

What is the term for a genetic disorder that results from the involvement of multiple alleles at different locations, affecting the phenotype?

In autosomal recessive inheritance patterns, if both parents are carriers, what percentage of children will be unaffected?

In genetic disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance, what is the chance that a child of a heterozygous parent will have the disorder?

Which type of genetic defect results from nondisjunction causing cells with a single copy of a chromosome instead of two?

When one parent has two different alleles for an autosomal recessive disorder, what is the likelihood their child will be a carrier?

What type of spinal bifida involves the incomplete closure of vertebrae without protrusion of the spinal cord or meninges?

What type of spinal bifida involves incomplete closure with protrusion of meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and spinal cord/nerve roots?

Which condition is a result of disordered epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes that are clustered together?

During which period of gestation is the risk of damage from the environment the greatest?

What type of disorder inheritance pattern is characterized by one heterozygous parent transmitting the disorder?

A group of serious birth defects that involve the tissues of the nervous system (brain and spinal cord) are known as:

In sex-linked genetic disorders, when the father carries the gene, all ____________ will be carriers, and all ____________ will be unaffected.

What is the term for the pattern of inheritance where one homozygous and one non-carrier parent or two heterozygous parents transmit the disorder?

Having two different alleles on each chromosome is known as:

What is the term for the condition characterized by having three copies of chromosome 21?

Which of the following illustrates the influence of an imprinting defect on chromosome 15?

In sex-linked disorders, what is the outcome when the mother is a carrier?

Mitochondrial diseases are related to which of the following?