25 Questions
What is the resting membrane potential of a neuron?
About -70mV
What happens during the depolarization phase of an action potential?
Na+ channels open and K+ channels close
What is the threshold potential that needs to be met to start depolarization?
Summate to a depolarization of 15mV or more
What characterizes hyperpolarization in a neuron's action potential?
The potential becomes more negative
What are EPSPs and IPSPs in relation to the threshold potential?
They both increase the likelihood of reaching threshold potential
What is the role of myelin in the nervous system?
Reduces metabolic cost and saves room in the nervous system
What is the role of an IPSP in a neuron?
Makes the postsynaptic neuron less likely to generate an action potential
What does an increase of Calcium into the axon terminal signal?
The vesicles to bind to the plasma membrane via SNARE proteins
What is the sequence of events in a reflex arc?
Sensory input, interneuron, efferent neuron, motor output, afferent neuron
What happens during neurotransmitter release at the synapse?
Calcium enters the axon terminal and neurotransmitters in vesicles are released into the synaptic cleft
During which phase of an action potential does the potential move from less negative to more negative?
Repolarization
What triggers Na+ channels to close and K+ channels to open during an action potential?
Depolarization
Which process describes the way an electrical impulse skips from node to node down the full length of an axon?
Saltatory Conduction
What is the voltage needed to be met to start depolarization during an action potential?
+15mV
What characterizes the resting membrane potential of a neuron?
Na+ channels closed and K+ channels open
What is the role of myelin in the nervous system?
Myelin speeds up the transmission of action potentials and reduces the metabolic cost of signaling.
What triggers Na+ channels to close and K+ channels to open during an action potential?
Depolarization of the neuron's membrane potential
What is the voltage needed to be met to start depolarization during an action potential?
$-55$ mV
What characterizes hyperpolarization in a neuron's action potential?
The membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential.
During which phase of an action potential does the potential move from less negative to more negative?
Hyperpolarization phase
In chemical signaling, which of the following is responsible for making the extracellular fluid more positive by moving 3 sodium ions out of the cell?
Sodium (Na+)
In the mechanism of a synapse, which process involves the removal of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft and is part of the cancellation of the signal?
Diffusion of the transmitter from the cleft
What is the primary function of myelin in the nervous system?
Reduce nerve conduction resistance
What role does calcium play in chemical signaling at the synapse?
It signals vesicles to bind to the plasma membrane
Which division of neurons causes an effect and sends messages out from the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
Efferent neurons
Test your knowledge on neuroelectrical signaling, including topics like resting membrane potential, threshold potential, action potential, and saltatory conduction. Learn about the differences in charge, ion channels, and voltage requirements for these essential processes.
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