Neurocognitive Disorders Overview

False (B)

Complex attention

<p>executive function</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Executive Function = Higher order cognitive function involved in multitasking and evaluation Inhibition = The ability to suppress inappropriate responses Complex Attention = Focusing on the most important task while managing distractions Attention Shifting = Changing focus from one stimulus to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex attention</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinary tract infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinary tract infection (UTI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>mental</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinary tract infection = Acute mental status change Pneumonia = Respiratory symptoms Electrolyte imbalance = Confusion or drowsiness Skin infection = Localized pain and redness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurological system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Head CT, tox screen, psych consult (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>urinary tract infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>decline</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Head CT = Evaluate for lesions or bleeds Tox screen = Identify intoxicating substances Psych consult = Evaluate for manic or psychotic episodes Delirium assessment = Consider multifactorial causes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute brain lesions, intoxicating substances, psychiatric disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

Higher-order cognitive function; includes multitasking, evaluating information, and responding appropriately. Inhibition is a key part.

The ability to control impulses and responses, selecting appropriate actions over automatic ones.

Focus on a task while also noticing and ignoring other information.

Ability to manage and switch between multiple tasks, and focus on prioritized ones.

Awareness, becoming consciously aware of the present.

Skills in areas like thinking critically, learning new things and problem-solving.

The mental process or ability to perform mental actions

Conditions that affect a person's psychological well-being.

A sudden change in a person's mental state.

Includes head CT, toxicology screen, and psychiatric consultation to look for physical (bleed/lesion) or substance-related causes.

A comprehensive evaluation considering all possible causes of delirium; includes a thorough physical exam to investigate the entire body from a multitude of disease perspectives.

A sudden change in mental state potentially caused by many factors. Significant decline of body systems is one contributing cause.

Every bodily system naturally weakens over time with aging.

The body builds reserves during the first 30 years of life for later use.

After age 30, the body primarily uses the built-up reserves for daily functioning.

A medical test used in the evaluation of mental status change, to identify the presence of toxins in the body

A broader differential diagnosis is needed when an elderly patient experiences delirium, compared to a younger individual, as the underlying cause may be more diverse.

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is the most common cause of delirium in the elderly, presenting acutely.

In cases of acute mental status change in the elderly, a urine analysis (UA) is the first critical step, followed by other tests like chest X-ray and thorough skin inspection if the UA is normal.

Age-related changes make the nervous system more susceptible to insults from other body systems.

Body systems rely on each other for function. A weakness in one system can affect other systems.

Problems with electrolytes like sodium (hyponatremia) or calcium (hypocalcemia) can cause delirium in the elderly.

Acute mental status changes, such as delirium, in elderly individuals is often indicative of underlying medical conditions.

Older adults prone to health complications and reduced immunity are particularly vulnerable to the impact of infections, including UTIs, leading to delirium.