Neuroanesthesia Monitoring

What is the primary goal of neuro anesthesia as it relates to brain function?

Which methods are used specifically for monitoring blood flow to the brain (CBF and ICP)?

What type of monitoring would directly assess the metabolic state of brain tissue?

Which of the following techniques are primarily used for monitoring brain function during anesthesia? (select all that apply)

What are beta waves characterized by in terms of frequency and amplitude when a person is awake?

Which statement best describes the relationship between EEG activity and metabolic conditions?

In the International 10-20 system, odd-numbered electrodes are positioned in which hemisphere?

Which type of brainwave is associated with children during normal sleep and not associated with adults?

What happens to beta wave activity in response to hypoxia or ischemia?

Which of the following are the 3 categories of neurophysiologic monitoring? (Select all that apply)

Which of the following devices are used for monitoring cerebral metabolism? (Select all that apply)

Which of the following are NOT recorded by EEG? (Select all that apply)

Which cells are primarily responsible for producing the electrical activity that is detected by an EEG?

What comprises the electrical activity recorded by EEG?

What is the nasion?

What is the inion?

When are the medium frequency, higher amplitude alpha waves typically seen?

Which waves are associated with deep coma, anesthesia, and hypoxia?

What type of wave activity is primarily observed in awake EEG recordings?

What can cause EEG depression? (Select all that apply)

What are epileptiform patterns and spikes indicative of on an EEG?

What is burst suppression in EEG patterns characterized by?

What are causes of burst suppression? (Select all that apply)

What does unilateral burst suppression indicate?

What is the gold standard for EEG monitoring that is rarely achieved in the OR?

What occurs to the EEG as the level of anesthesia deepens?

What occurs as a result of most IV anesthetics and inhalation agents?

How does hypothermia alter EEG readings?

How does ketamine affect EEG readings?

Which agent does not reduce BIS when used as a sole agent?

Which agent is known to cause increased beta wave activity?

Which of the following brain wave patterns are prevalent during general anesthesia? (Select all that apply)

During which stages of anesthesia is increased beta wave activity observed?

At what minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) is brain isoelectric activity observed?

Which of the following drugs is characterized by epileptiform activity?

Which drug is characterized by myoclonus with no epileptiform activity?

The development of new ___ waves during anesthesia maintenance indicates a risk for ischemia.

Which of the following are considered mimics for cerebral ischemia? (Select all that apply)

20-30 sec lag time between EEG measurement and BIS value

Which of the following factors impair the accuracy of bispectral index (BIS) monitoring? (Select all that apply)

Which agents decrease bispectral index (BIS) without a sedative effect?

What are somatosensory evoked potentials? (select 2)

What is the best anesthetic technique for SSEP monitoring?

Which agents should be avoided in SSEP monitoring? (select 3)

What are the three types of sensory evoked potentials?

What is the preferred anesthetic when monitoring Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs)?

Which sensory evoked potential is unique in its resistance to the influence of anesthetic agents?

You note a 50% decrease in amplitude during evoked potential monitoring during surgery. What is this indicative of?

What are the peaks and troughs of waveforms called in evoked potentials?

A BAEP with increased latency of __ mS is a significant finding

Where are MEPs recorded in response to depolarization of the motor cortex?

What is the preferred anesthetic management for monitoring motor evoked potentials (MEPs)?

What is the difference between the SEP and EEG response to inhaled anesthetics? (select 2)

What is the difference between the amplitude of waves in Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEPs) and Electroencephalography (EEG)?

Which cranial nerves can be monitored via EMG? (Select all that apply)

What is the normal range of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in mL/100g?

Match the following CBF limits (ml/100g/min) with their corresponding conditions:

Match the Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) values with their corresponding events:

What is the critical PaO2 level considered to be?

What is the critical level of paCO2 considered to be hazardous?

What factors determine cerebral blood flow (CBF)?

What are NIM (Nerve Integrity Monitors) ETTs used for?

What can EEG be used to monitor in neuroanesthesia?

What are the limitations of laser Doppler flowmetry in measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF)? select 2

What are the limitations of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography? (Select all that apply)

What is transcranial Doppler ultrasonography used to measure?

What is the primary purpose of microdialysis catheters in neuroanesthesia?

What is Indocyanine green video angiography used to measure during aneurysm surgery?

Where are supratentorial pressures measured?

What is the jugular bulb?

What is the purpose of jugular venous oxygen saturation?

What are the limitations of jugular venous oxygen saturation measurement? select 2

What is near infrared spectroscopy in the context of cerebral oximetry?

What are the limitations of cerebral oximetry? (Select all that apply)

What are precordial Dopplers used to detect?

Which of the following monitors are used to monitor intracranial pressure (ICP)? (Select all that apply)

Which anesthetic is known to cause non-rapid eye movement sleep patterns on the EEG?

What is characteristic of the EEG pattern of propofol?

What is a limitation of the Bispectral Index (BIS)?

Which types of operations have a high potential for damaging cranial nerves? (Select all that apply)