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Questions and Answers
Which layer of connective tissue surrounds the CNS including the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebrum?
Where does the pia mater lie in relation to the brain and spinal cord?
Which cranial fold separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum?
Which structure is perforated by the infundibulum and is located over the hypophyseal fossa?
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Where does the spinal dura end, transitioning to invest the filum terminale?
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What is contained in the epidural space within the skull and dura?
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Study Notes
Neuroanatomy of Meninges
- Meninges are 3 layers of connective tissue that surround the CNS, including the spinal cord & nerve roots, brain stem, and cerebrum.
Meningeal Layers
- Dura mater (dense connective tissue) is the outermost layer, also known as pachymeninx.
- Arachnoid is the middle layer, consisting of reticular fibers.
- Pia mater is the innermost layer, lying directly on the surface of the brain and spinal cord.
Dura Mater (Cranial Portion)
- Composed of 2 layers: outer periosteal or endosteal layer and inner meningeal layer.
- 4 folds (projections) of dura mater in the cranial portion:
- Falc cerebri: midline, from crista galli to internal occipital protruberance.
- Tentorium cerebelli: roofs over the posterior cranial fossa, forming a tent-like shape, and separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
- Falx cerebelli: small, midsagittal septum below the tentorium, separating cerebellar hemispheres.
- Diaphragma sellae: over the hypophyseal fossa, perforated by the infundibulum.
Dura Mater (Spinal Portion)
- Continuation of the meningeal layer of cranial dura, periosteum of vertebrae.
- Epidural space contains areolar tissue and internal vertebral venous plexus.
- Largest spinal epidural space at L2, suitable for epidural anesthesia.
- Spinal dura ends at S2, where the caudal termination invests the filum terminale to form.
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Description
Learn about the three layers of connective tissue that surround the central nervous system (CNS) including the brain, spinal cord, and nerve roots. Explore the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater, as well as the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system.
