28 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiovascular system?
Lungs
What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
All of the above
Where does the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients occur?
Capillary bed
What determines the direction of fluid flux across capillaries and tissues?
Both hydrostatic and osmotic pressure
Tissue perfusion is the result of...
Vascular resistance and Cardiac Output
What is the normal systolic pressure?
120 mm Hg
What is necessary to maintain blood flow?
Vascular tone and Organ perfusion
What may produce shock syndrome?
Failure in vascular tone
What is the equation for blood flow?
Blood Flow = Pressure / Vascular Resistance
What does organ perfusion depend on?
Gradient of pressure and resistance of flow through tissue bed
Which of the following is NOT a function of the renin-angiotensin system?
Increasing heart rate
What is the role of vasopressin in the cardiovascular system?
Causing vasoconstriction
Which reflex is activated by hypoxemia and results in vasoconstriction in most tissues?
Chemoreceptor reflex
What effect does standing have on the cardiovascular system?
Increased vasoconstriction in the legs
What effect does exercise have on the cardiovascular system?
Redistribution of blood to skeletal muscles
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect the baroreceptor reflex?
Inhibits the baroreceptor reflex
What is the role of water and salt intake in cardiovascular homeostasis?
Maintaining blood volume
How does lying down affect cardiac filling and output?
Increases cardiac filling and output
What is the ultimate goal of circulation in the body?
To deliver fuel and O2 to all organs
What is the role of the adrenal gland in the cardiovascular system?
Promotes vasoconstriction
Which of the following is true about the autonomic control of the heart?
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) increases heart rate and pump volume.
What is the role of the baroreceptor reflex?
To maintain arterial pressure within a range
What are the main integrators of vasomotor tone in the autonomic control of blood vessels?
Rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM), caudal ventrolateral medulla (cVLM), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS)
What neurotransmitters are mainly involved in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS)?
Glutamate (excitatory) and GABA (inhibitory)
What happens when baroreceptor activity is increased due to high blood pressure?
Parasympathetic activity to the heart increases and sympathetic activity to the heart and vasculature decreases.
Which cranial nerves are involved in the baroreceptor reflex?
Glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)
How do arterial baroreceptors adapt their output in response to stretch?
Arterial baroreceptors can adapt their output in response to stretch over minutes and days.
What is the role of the adrenal medulla in cardiovascular function?
The adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) into the bloodstream, resulting in vasoconstriction.
Test your knowledge on the neural regulation of the cardiovascular system with this quiz. Explore topics such as the heart, blood, and conduits involved in this vital system.
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