4. Transcript - Issues and Techniques in Deep Learning 27012024
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Questions and Answers

What problem did the speaker face when training the deep neural network?

  • The errors were decreasing
  • The network was overfitting
  • The neurons were not large enough
  • The weights did not update (correct)

Why did the speaker's deep neural network fail to learn despite the large number of neurons and deep layers?

  • Network was underfitting
  • Weights were updating too frequently
  • Vanishing gradient problem (correct)
  • Optimization process was too simple

What was the expected outcome after training the deep neural network?

  • Improved predictions on test data (correct)
  • Decreasing errors
  • Vanishing weights
  • Increasing training time

What was one of the problems mentioned that makes training deep neural networks extremely hard?

<p>Vanishing gradient problem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is training deep neural networks with more layers challenging?

<p>Vanishing gradient problem may occur (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines the vanishing gradient problem?

<p>'Gradients vanish', making learning difficult (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a network experiences the vanishing gradient problem?

<p>'Gradients vanish', making learning difficult or impossible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does training become extremely hard as more layers are added to deep neural networks?

<p>'Vanishing gradient' problem and complex optimization processes arise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is back propagation in neural networks?

<p>Computing error values backward (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept behind back propagation?

<p>Derivative computation using the chain rule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is back propagation related to the chain rule?

<p>Back propagation is an application of the chain rule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does back propagation rely on for updating weights in a neural network?

<p>Learning rate times gradient of the error function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of neural networks, what does the term 'gradient descent' refer to?

<p>An optimization technique used to minimize errors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is back propagation considered essential in training neural networks?

<p>To compute error derivatives efficiently using the chain rule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main issue with underfitting, as explained in the text?

<p>The model is too simple to solve the problem effectively. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does overfitting refer to in machine learning?

<p>Using a model that is too complex for the given problem. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does underfitting affect the performance of a model?

<p>High training error and high test error. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In overfitting, why does the test error increase despite having low training error?

<p>The model is too complex and fits noise in the training data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between underfitting and overfitting?

<p>Underfitting has a simple model with high errors, while overfitting has a complex model with high test error. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is underfitting described as using 'too simple a model to solve a problem'?

<p>Because it involves using a simple model that cannot capture all the complexities of the problem. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does overfitting have on the test error compared to underfitting?

<p>Overfitting results in higher test errors than underfitting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Too complex a model' in overfitting means:

<p>'Too complex a model' captures noise and results in high test error despite low training error. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of deep learning?

<p>To enable learning of the hierarchy of features for a more generalized solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the universal approximation theorem state?

<p>Any continuous function can be approximated by a single hidden layer neural network. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of deep learning, what does 'hierarchy of features' refer to?

<p>The process of learning different levels of representation in data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is deep learning more about hope than certainty according to the text?

<p>Because solving problems with multiple layers is still unclear (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text imply about the complexity of problems that a single hidden layer neural network can handle?

<p>It can effectively handle any complex problem. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe the vocabulary used to explain 'hierarchy of features'?

<p>'Hierarchy of features' described using fancy and complex words (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of discussing the 'hierarchy of features' in plain English according to the text?

<p>To simplify complex concepts for better understanding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Hierarchy of features' in deep learning refers to:

<p>'Different levels of representation in data' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main topic discussed in the text?

<p>Finding maxima and minima in higher dimensional spaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general approach to identifying minima or maxima?

<p>Identifying points where the derivative is zero (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As per the text, what happens as we move from 1 dimension to higher dimensions?

<p>New complex creatures emerge in higher dimensional spaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the slope play in determining maxima or minima according to the text?

<p>Points with zero slope are good candidates for maxima or minima (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept becomes important when dealing with surfaces instead of lines in mathematics?

<p>Existence of complex creatures on surfaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines a point as either a maxima or a minima in higher dimensions?

<p>'Good' candidates for maxima or minima are identified by derivatives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes the computation of derivatives easy in all kinds of functions according to the text?

<p>The simplicity of derivative rules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are points with zero slope important when determining maxima or minima?

<p>'Good' candidates for maxima or minima are identified by their derivatives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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