4. Transcript - Issues and Techniques in Deep Learning 27012024
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Questions and Answers

What problem did the speaker face when training the deep neural network?

  • The errors were decreasing
  • The network was overfitting
  • The neurons were not large enough
  • The weights did not update (correct)
  • Why did the speaker's deep neural network fail to learn despite the large number of neurons and deep layers?

  • Network was underfitting
  • Weights were updating too frequently
  • Vanishing gradient problem (correct)
  • Optimization process was too simple
  • What was the expected outcome after training the deep neural network?

  • Improved predictions on test data (correct)
  • Decreasing errors
  • Vanishing weights
  • Increasing training time
  • What was one of the problems mentioned that makes training deep neural networks extremely hard?

    <p>Vanishing gradient problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is training deep neural networks with more layers challenging?

    <p>Vanishing gradient problem may occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines the vanishing gradient problem?

    <p>'Gradients vanish', making learning difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a network experiences the vanishing gradient problem?

    <p>'Gradients vanish', making learning difficult or impossible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does training become extremely hard as more layers are added to deep neural networks?

    <p>'Vanishing gradient' problem and complex optimization processes arise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is back propagation in neural networks?

    <p>Computing error values backward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concept behind back propagation?

    <p>Derivative computation using the chain rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is back propagation related to the chain rule?

    <p>Back propagation is an application of the chain rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does back propagation rely on for updating weights in a neural network?

    <p>Learning rate times gradient of the error function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of neural networks, what does the term 'gradient descent' refer to?

    <p>An optimization technique used to minimize errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is back propagation considered essential in training neural networks?

    <p>To compute error derivatives efficiently using the chain rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main issue with underfitting, as explained in the text?

    <p>The model is too simple to solve the problem effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does overfitting refer to in machine learning?

    <p>Using a model that is too complex for the given problem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does underfitting affect the performance of a model?

    <p>High training error and high test error.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In overfitting, why does the test error increase despite having low training error?

    <p>The model is too complex and fits noise in the training data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between underfitting and overfitting?

    <p>Underfitting has a simple model with high errors, while overfitting has a complex model with high test error.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is underfitting described as using 'too simple a model to solve a problem'?

    <p>Because it involves using a simple model that cannot capture all the complexities of the problem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does overfitting have on the test error compared to underfitting?

    <p>Overfitting results in higher test errors than underfitting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Too complex a model' in overfitting means:

    <p>'Too complex a model' captures noise and results in high test error despite low training error.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of deep learning?

    <p>To enable learning of the hierarchy of features for a more generalized solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the universal approximation theorem state?

    <p>Any continuous function can be approximated by a single hidden layer neural network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of deep learning, what does 'hierarchy of features' refer to?

    <p>The process of learning different levels of representation in data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is deep learning more about hope than certainty according to the text?

    <p>Because solving problems with multiple layers is still unclear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text imply about the complexity of problems that a single hidden layer neural network can handle?

    <p>It can effectively handle any complex problem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe the vocabulary used to explain 'hierarchy of features'?

    <p>'Hierarchy of features' described using fancy and complex words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of discussing the 'hierarchy of features' in plain English according to the text?

    <p>To simplify complex concepts for better understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hierarchy of features' in deep learning refers to:

    <p>'Different levels of representation in data'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main topic discussed in the text?

    <p>Finding maxima and minima in higher dimensional spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general approach to identifying minima or maxima?

    <p>Identifying points where the derivative is zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As per the text, what happens as we move from 1 dimension to higher dimensions?

    <p>New complex creatures emerge in higher dimensional spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the slope play in determining maxima or minima according to the text?

    <p>Points with zero slope are good candidates for maxima or minima</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept becomes important when dealing with surfaces instead of lines in mathematics?

    <p>Existence of complex creatures on surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines a point as either a maxima or a minima in higher dimensions?

    <p>'Good' candidates for maxima or minima are identified by derivatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes the computation of derivatives easy in all kinds of functions according to the text?

    <p>The simplicity of derivative rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are points with zero slope important when determining maxima or minima?

    <p>'Good' candidates for maxima or minima are identified by their derivatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

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