Neural Network Techniques Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of batch normalization in artificial neural networks?

  • To improve the learning speed by adjusting weights more frequently
  • To increase the batch size for training efficiency
  • To minimize the complexity of the neural network architecture
  • To enhance the stability of the network and reduce sensitivity to overfitting (correct)

What does the keep probability (p) represent in the dropout technique?

  • The probability that a node will be retained during training (correct)
  • The probability that a node will be completely ignored during training
  • The probability that the network remains sensitive to all input features
  • The probability that all nodes are activated in every iteration

In the context of neural networks, what is an epoch?

  • A complete cycle in which the network has processed the entire dataset once (correct)
  • A measure of the total amount of data processed in a single training session
  • The average number of training examples used per iteration
  • The total number of iterations during which weights are updated

What is the effect of regularization in machine learning?

<p>To solve ill-posed problems and prevent overfitting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a drawback of multilayer artificial neural networks?

<p>They are prone to overfitting if too complex for the given data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the dropout technique in training neural networks?

<p>To prevent overfitting by removing nodes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the batch size defined in the context of neural network training?

<p>The size of the training set used in one iteration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a consequence of using a batch size that is too large during training?

<p>Increased risk of overfitting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one limitation that multilayer artificial neural networks face during training?

<p>They may converge to local minima during optimization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of regularization in machine learning, what is its main purpose?

<p>To prevent the algorithm from overtraining on data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Batch Normalization

A technique used in artificial neural networks (ANNs) that involves normalizing the inputs of each layer by re-centering and re-scaling them. This helps stabilize the training process and reduces overfitting.

Dropout

A technique used in ANNs to prevent overfitting by randomly dropping nodes or connections during training. This forces the network to become more robust and less reliant on specific features.

Batch Size

The size of the training dataset used in each iteration of the learning process. It determines how many examples are used to update the network's weights in each step.

Epoch

One complete pass through the entire training dataset. It represents one cycle where the network has seen all the training examples.

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Regularization

A technique used in machine learning to prevent overfitting and improve the generalization ability of the model. It involves adding a penalty term to the loss function, which discourages the model from becoming too complex.

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What is batch normalization?

A technique that normalizes the inputs of each layer in a neural network by re-centering and re-scaling them, stabilizing training and reducing overfitting.

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What is dropout?

This method prevents overfitting by randomly dropping nodes or connections during training, forcing the network to be less reliant on specific features.

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What is batch size?

The number of training examples used in each iteration of the weight learning process. Think of a mini-batch of examples.

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What is an epoch?

A complete cycle where the neural network has seen all the training data. This is affected by the batch size.

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What is Regularization?

A process of adding information to a learning model to prevent overfitting and improve generalization. Examples include L1 and L2 regularization.

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Study Notes

Batch Normalization

  • Batch normalization (batch norm) is a technique used to stabilize artificial neural networks, making them less sensitive to overfitting.
  • It normalizes layer inputs by re-centering and re-scaling.
  • Proposed by Sergey Ioffe and Christian Szegedy in 2015.

Dropout

  • Dropout removes some nodes during training to prevent the network from being overly reliant on specific nodes.
  • Nodes are kept or removed with a specified probability (keep/drop probability).
  • The technique aims to prevent the NN from being overwhelmed by information, especially if some nodes might be redundant and useless.

Batch Size

  • Batch size is the training dataset size used per iteration.
  • For example, a batch size of 4 means 4 training examples are used per iteration.
  • Also known as mini-batch size.

Epoch

  • An epoch is a complete pass through the entire training dataset.
  • If batch size is 128 and dataset size is 2048, one epoch requires 16 iterations (2048/128=16).
  • The number of iterations divided by the iterations per epoch equals the number of epochs.

Regularization

  • Regularization adds information to solve ill-posed problems or prevent overfitting, usually modifying the objective/cost function.
  • Example: L1 regularization.

Multilayer Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)

  • Multilayer ANNs are universal approximators.
  • They can overfit if the network is too complex.
  • Gradient descent might converge to local minimum.
  • Training can be time-consuming, but testing is often fast.
  • ANNs can handle redundant attributes because weights are automatically learned.
  • ANNs are sensitive to noise in training data.

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