Networking Fundamentals Quiz

Networking

Definition: Connecting computers and devices to share resources and information.
Types of Networks:
- LAN (Local Area Network): Limited geographic area, high speed.
- WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers larger geographic areas, slower than LAN.
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Connects networks in a specific geographic area.
Network Topologies:
- Bus: All devices share a single communication line.
- Star: Devices are connected to a central hub or switch.
- Ring: Each device is connected to two others, forming a circular pathway.
Protocols:
- TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The fundamental suite for internet communication.
- HTTP/HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol/Secure): Used for transferring web pages.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files between computers.
Devices:
- Router: Connects different networks and directs data traffic.
- Switch: Connects devices within a LAN and handles data packets.
- Modem: Modulates and demodulates signals for internet access.
Security:
- Firewalls: Control incoming and outgoing network traffic.
- Encryption: Protects data by converting it into a secure format.
- VPN (Virtual Private Network): Provides a secure connection over the internet.

Web Development

Definition: The process of creating and maintaining websites.
Languages:
- HTML (HyperText Markup Language): Structure and layout of web pages.
- CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): Styling and presentation of web pages.
- JavaScript: Adds interactivity and dynamic features to web pages.
Development Approaches:
- Frontend Development: Focused on the client-side, involves HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
- Backend Development: Server-side development, involves databases, server logic, and application architecture.
- Full Stack Development: Combination of both frontend and backend skills.
Frameworks and Libraries:
- Frontend: React, Angular, Vue.js for building user interfaces.
- Backend: Node.js, Django, Ruby on Rails for server-side applications.
Databases:
- SQL (Structured Query Language): For relational databases (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL).
- NoSQL: For unstructured data (e.g., MongoDB, CouchDB).
Web Hosting:
- Shared Hosting: Multiple websites share a server.
- VPS (Virtual Private Server): Dedicated resources within a shared server environment.
- Dedicated Server: Entire server dedicated to one website.
SEO (Search Engine Optimization): Techniques to improve website visibility in search engines.

Networking

Connecting computers and devices enables resource and information sharing.
LAN (Local Area Network): Covers small geographic areas like homes or offices; known for high-speed data transfer.
WAN (Wide Area Network): Spans large geographic areas, such as cities or countries; typically slower than LANs.
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Interconnects networks within a specific geographic region, typically spanning a city.
Network Topologies:
- Bus Topology: All devices share a single communication line, leading to potential congestion.
- Star Topology: Devices connect to a central hub or switch, promoting easy management and troubleshooting.
- Ring Topology: Each device is connected to two others, creating a closed loop for data to travel.
Protocols:
- TCP/IP: Essential suite driving communication over the internet, consisting of a set of rules governing data transmission.
- HTTP/HTTPS: Framework for transferring web pages; HTTPS adds a layer of security through encryption.
- FTP: Enables file transfers between computers, allowing uploads and downloads.
Devices:
- Router: Interconnects different networks and manages the flow of data traffic.
- Switch: Facilitates communication between devices within a LAN by processing data packets.
- Modem: Converts analog signals to digital for internet access and vice versa.
Security:
- Firewalls: Monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic, acting as a barrier against unauthorized access.
- Encryption: Safeguards data integrity by converting information into a secure format.
- VPN: Creates a secure connection over the internet, providing privacy and secure access to networks.

Web Development

Involves the creation and maintenance of websites, encompassing both design and functionality.
Languages:
- HTML: Structures and organizes the content and layout of web pages.
- CSS: Handles the visual style and presentation of web pages, ensuring aesthetic appeal.
- JavaScript: Enables interactivity and dynamic elements on websites, enhancing user experience.
Development Approaches:
- Frontend Development: Concentrates on the visible components of a website; relies heavily on HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
- Backend Development: Encompasses server-side processes, including databases, server logic, and application architecture.
- Full Stack Development: Combines both frontend and backend expertise for comprehensive website development.
Frameworks and Libraries:
- Frontend Frameworks: Tools like React, Angular, and Vue.js facilitate the development of user interfaces.
- Backend Frameworks: Technologies such as Node.js, Django, and Ruby on Rails support server-side application development.
Databases:
- SQL: Structured Query Language used for managing and querying relational databases like MySQL and PostgreSQL.
- NoSQL: Suitable for unstructured data storage, utilizing databases such as MongoDB and CouchDB.
Web Hosting:
- Shared Hosting: Multiple websites operate on the same server, sharing resources and costs.
- VPS (Virtual Private Server): Allocates dedicated resources within a shared server setup, offering more control.
- Dedicated Server: Entire server reserved for a single website, providing maximum performance and customization.
SEO (Search Engine Optimization): Strategies employed to enhance a website's visibility in search engine results, driving more traffic.