Networking Basics: Physical Layer Transmission

Client-server model

By allowing clients to access remote services by simply calling a local procedure.

It automatically locates the correct server and sets up the communication (binding).

<p>It can fragment and reassemble messages as needed, especially for large arrays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Due to the RPC system's ability to hide details and handle data type conversions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simplified programming for most programmers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The physical layer transmits the message by putting it onto the physical transmission medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The message is passed upward with each layer stripping off and examining its own header before arriving at the receiver, process Q.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A collection of protocols used in a particular system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Middleware protocols are applications that logically reside in the OSI application layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNS is a distributed service used to look up a network address associated with a name.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>OSI protocols were not as popular due to the higher adoption of Internet protocols like TCP and IP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four combinations are: (a) Both sender and receiver executing, (b) Only sender executing, (c) Sender passive and receiver executing, (d) Both sender and receiver passive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The receiver is passive in Figure 4.26(b), meaning it is in a state where message delivery is not possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In Figure 4.26(c), the sender is passive while the receiver is executing, allowing the receiver to read messages without the senders needing to be active.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Figure 4.26(d) shows the system storing and possibly transmitting messages even when both sender and receiver are passive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key requirement is that messages are properly addressed with a systemwide unique name of the destination queue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ensures that messages are not lost and can be retrieved at a later time, regardless of sender or receiver activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The major issue is that overlay networks need to be manually administrated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Channel Control Function allows an operator to monitor end points of a channel and manage queue managers hosting message channel agents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In 2006, a working group formed to create the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>AMQP evolves around applications, queue managers, and queues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The implementation involves a single queue manager running on a separate server, with applications communicating through a local interface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The purpose was to allow organizations to have more diverse messaging solutions beyond what a single manufacturer offers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flow control is established through credits, where a receiver informs the sender of the number of messages it can send over a specific link.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three steps are: 1. Message assignment and recording in unsettled state, 2. Handling by the receiving application and reporting back, 3. Settling the message transfer between sender and receiver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three types are producer, consumer, and queue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sender assigns a unique identifier to the message and records it as unsettled before transferring it to the server.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>After the receiver reports back that it has finished handling the message, the sender enters the settled state and informs the receiver to forget about the message.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flow control, through credits, helps regulate the message exchange rate between sender and receiver, preventing overload and ensuring smooth communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers