Networking Basics: Layer 3 Switches and NICs

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Questions and Answers

What does virtualization technology create?

Multiple Physical Servers

Multiple VMs on a Physical Server (correct)

Unified Network Services

Single Hardware Resource

What type of storage is characterized by high performance and low latency?

Cloud Storage

Object Storage

File Storage

Block Storage (correct)

Which service is primarily used for massive data storage and cold data backup?

Block Storage

File Storage

Hybrid Storage

Object Storage (correct)

What is the role of network services in cloud computing?

To connect resources and ensure isolation Signup and view all the answers

What key benefit does virtualization provide regarding physical resources?

Breaks Barriers Between Physical Structures Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of a Virtual Machine (VM)?

Is encapsulated within folders in the same directory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of object storage?

High performance I/O capabilities Signup and view all the answers

What do Virtual Machines (VMs) on the cloud typically use for networking?

Virtual Local Area Networks (VPC) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of replication protocols in a distributed storage system?

To synchronize data to multiple storage nodes. Signup and view all the answers

Which storage service provides persistent block storage for ECSs and BMSs?

Elastic Volume Service (EVS) Signup and view all the answers

What ensures data integrity when data is replicated across storage copies?

The consistency of data. Signup and view all the answers

What feature of the Object Storage Service (OBS) allows it to store various types of data?

It offers REST APIs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Scalable File Service (SFS) is true?

It allows shared file access among various computing services. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

To process information and execute programs Signup and view all the answers

What component is vital for storing CPU computing data?

Memory Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary function of a NIC?

To connect different devices for communication Signup and view all the answers

What does Auto Scaling (AS) do in a cloud environment?

Automatically adjusts compute resources based on demand Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cloud computing, what is an Elastic Cloud Server (ECS)?

A virtual machine on the cloud consisting of various resources Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a speed rate commonly supported by NICs?

1 Gbit/s Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an image in cloud computing?

To create servers or disks from templates Signup and view all the answers

What role does a virtual switch play in network virtualization?

It maps virtual NICs to physical NICs. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Image Management Service (IMS) provide?

Image lifecycle management Signup and view all the answers

What does NAT stand for, and what is its primary function?

Network Address Translation; forwards traffic to external networks Signup and view all the answers

How do bridges assist in network communication?

By connecting different physical LANs at the data link layer Signup and view all the answers

How do containers benefit application deployment?

By packaging code and dependencies into standardized units Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of using containers in software development?

They facilitate isolation of resources and agile application deployment Signup and view all the answers

Why is network isolation important for virtual machines (VMs)?

To isolate their IP address ranges from one another Signup and view all the answers

Which function do both bridges and virtual switches share?

Forwarding traffic of different VMs to physical NICs Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant advantage of Layer 3 switches compared to traditional routers?

They offer similar switching speed at a lower price. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of microservices architecture?

Applications are broken into independent, small units. Signup and view all the answers

How do containers differ from Virtual Machines (VMs) in resource usage?

Containers can run multiple applications with higher efficiency. Signup and view all the answers

What does a container image typically contain?

Resources required for running a specific service. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the use of CCE?

CCE enhances the management of containerized applications with Kubernetes. Signup and view all the answers

What is a major advantage of using containers over VMs?

Containers take up less space and are more resource-efficient. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a hypervisor in a virtual machine environment?

To allow multiple VMs to operate on a single physical server. Signup and view all the answers

Why are container images generally smaller than VM images?

Container images are only dedicated to running specific services. Signup and view all the answers

What does CCE Turbo clusters support?

Native Kubernetes applications and tools. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Layer 3 Switches and NICs

Layer 3 switches offer routing capabilities similar to traditional routers but with higher switching speeds and lower costs.
Network Interface Cards (NICs) connect various devices, ensuring communication akin to telephone cards.
NICs can be bound for enhanced reliability and network performance, supporting speeds of 100 Mbit/s, 1 Gbit/s, and 10 Gbit/s.
Onboard NICs enable network expansion and transmit data from servers to other devices.

Virtual Networks

Virtual networks are essential for isolating IP address ranges of virtual machines (VMs) hosted on physical servers.
Virtual switches are used to create these networks and allow VMs to share physical NICs for external access.
Network bridges, Network Address Translation (NAT), and virtual switches facilitate mapping virtual NICs to physical NICs.

Bridge and NAT Functions

Bridges connect different physical Local Area Networks (LANs) at the data link layer.
NAT forwards traffic to external networks by translating network addresses.
Virtual switches perform bridging functions, maintaining a table for mapping MAC addresses to ports to isolate collision domains.

Cloud Computing Technologies

Compute services provide necessary computing power for applications like websites and data analysis, typically leveraging VMs and containers.
Network services enable resource connectivity and isolation within data center networks.
Three types of storage services include:
- Block storage: High performance, low latency for various high I/O requirements.
- File storage: Allows file sharing among multiple users or departments.
- Object storage: Scalable architecture for data storage, cold backups, and software repositories.

Virtualization

Virtualization allows sharing of physical server resources by creating multiple VMs, facilitating better resource utilization.
Each VM is encapsulated in separate folders, ensuring isolation.
The technology abstracts physical resources like CPU, memory, and disk space, enabling segmentation into multiple computing environments.

Compute Resource Overview

Central Processing Unit (CPU): Core component for information processing and program execution.
Memory: Functions to store data processed by the CPU and facilitate exchange with external storage.
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): Specialized for image computation used in various devices, including PCs and smartphones.

HUAWEI CLOUD Compute Services

Elastic Cloud Servers (ECS) are cloud VMs containing vCPUs, memory, OS, and EVS disks, usable like local servers.
Auto Scaling adjusts compute resources based on demand and configured policies.
Image Management Service (IMS) manages the lifecycle of disk images, allowing the creation of system backups or full ECS images.

Containers

Containers are portable application packaging units that include code and dependencies, ensuring compatibility across environments.
They offer advantages such as resource isolation, agility in application management, and higher resource utilization compared to VMs.
Multiple containers operate on the same server with a shared OS kernel, running as independent processes.

Differences Between Containers and VMs

Containers are lightweight and consume less space and resources than VMs, facilitating faster operation.
VM images include a full operating environment with significantly larger file sizes compared to the compact container images.

HUAWEI CLOUD Container Services

Cloud Container Engine (CCE) manages containerized applications and supports native Kubernetes applications.
CCE Turbo clusters enhance performance by using advanced cloud-native infrastructure.
Data consistency is maintained through replication protocols in distributed storage systems.

HUAWEI CLOUD Storage Services

Elastic Volume Service (EVS) provides persistent block storage with high availability and low latency.
Scalable File Service (SFS) offers network-attached storage for shared file access across various services.
Object Storage Service (OBS) delivers secure, scalable cloud storage for unstructured data with an efficient API interface.

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Description

Explore the functions and advantages of Layer 3 switches compared to traditional routers. Learn about Network Interface Cards (NICs) and how they facilitate device communication within networks. This quiz delves into important networking concepts essential for understanding modern networks.