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Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between Layer 2 and Layer 3 switching?
What type of switch is suitable for a small, simple network with no need for configuration or advanced features?
Which type of routing protocol measures distance based on hop count?
What information is stored in a routing table?
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What is the term for the ranking of routing protocols by trustworthiness?
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At which layer of the OSI model does Layer 3 switching occur?
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Study Notes
Switching in Network Design
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Layer 2 vs Layer 3 Switching:
- Layer 2 switching: forwarding based on MAC addresses, occurs at the data link layer
- Layer 3 switching: forwarding based on IP addresses, occurs at the network layer
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Switch Types:
- Unmanaged Switches: simple, no configuration options
- Managed Switches: configurable, support VLANs, QoS, and security features
- PoE Switches: provide power over Ethernet to connected devices
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Switch Placement:
- Access Layer: switches connect end-user devices to the network
- Distribution Layer: switches aggregate traffic from access layer switches
- Core Layer: high-speed switches connect distribution layer switches
Routing Protocols in Switching
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Routing Protocol Types:
- Distance-Vector Protocols: RIP, measure distance based on hop count
- Link-State Protocols: OSPF, measure distance based on bandwidth and latency
- Hybrid Protocols: EIGRP, combine distance-vector and link-state features
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Routing Information Exchange:
- Routing Tables: stored on each router, contain network topology information
- Routing Updates: exchanged between routers to maintain accurate routing tables
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Protocol Characteristics:
- Administrative Distance: ranking of routing protocols by trustworthiness
- Convergence Time: time required for network to stabilize after topology change
- Scalability: ability of protocol to support large, complex networks
Switching in Network Design
- Layer 2 Switching: forwarding decisions are made based on MAC addresses at the data link layer
- Layer 3 Switching: forwarding decisions are made based on IP addresses at the network layer
Switch Types and Their Characteristics
- Unmanaged Switches: simple, no configuration options, and limited functionality
- Managed Switches: configurable, support VLANs, QoS, and security features, and offer more control and management capabilities
- PoE Switches: provide power over Ethernet to connected devices, reducing the need for separate power supplies
Switch Placement in a Network
- Access Layer: switches connect end-user devices to the network, providing direct access to network resources
- Distribution Layer: switches aggregate traffic from access layer switches, acting as a connection point for multiple access layer switches
- Core Layer: high-speed switches connect distribution layer switches, forming the network backbone and providing high-speed connectivity
Routing Protocols in Switching
- Distance-Vector Protocols: measure distance based on hop count, examples include RIP
- Link-State Protocols: measure distance based on bandwidth and latency, examples include OSPF
- Hybrid Protocols: combine distance-vector and link-state features, examples include EIGRP
Routing Information Exchange and Protocol Characteristics
- Routing Tables: stored on each router, contain network topology information and are used to make forwarding decisions
- Routing Updates: exchanged between routers to maintain accurate routing tables and ensure proper network functionality
- Administrative Distance: a ranking of routing protocols by trustworthiness, used to determine which protocol to use when multiple protocols provide conflicting information
- Convergence Time: the time required for the network to stabilize after a topology change, with faster convergence times being desirable
- Scalability: the ability of a protocol to support large, complex networks, with more scalable protocols being better suited for large networks
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Description
Learn the basics of switching in network design, including layer 2 and layer 3 switching, switch types, and switch placement.