Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which network type is NOT explicitly mentioned in the provided text?
Which network type is NOT explicitly mentioned in the provided text?
- Small Office and Home Office Networks
- Campus Area Networks
- Wide Area Networks
- Metropolitan Area Networks (correct)
Which of the following is primarily associated with 'inside perimeter security' based on the text?
Which of the following is primarily associated with 'inside perimeter security' based on the text?
- Security breach alarms
- On-premise security officers
- Fences and gates
- Electronic motion detectors (correct)
Which of the following is considered a 'modern hacking title'?
Which of the following is considered a 'modern hacking title'?
- Network Engineer
- System Administrator
- Software Developer
- Vulnerability Broker (correct)
What is one of the security measures listed for both inside and outside perimeters?
What is one of the security measures listed for both inside and outside perimeters?
Which of the following topics is listed as part of the objective for section 1.2?
Which of the following topics is listed as part of the objective for section 1.2?
Which of the following best describes a 'threat' in the context of network security?
Which of the following best describes a 'threat' in the context of network security?
What is a primary vector for data loss related to physical media?
What is a primary vector for data loss related to physical media?
What does 'mitigation' refer to in network security?
What does 'mitigation' refer to in network security?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a vector for network attacks?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a vector for network attacks?
Which of the following is most accurate when considering network security?
Which of the following is most accurate when considering network security?
Which of the following is used to find weaknesses in a system?
Which of the following is used to find weaknesses in a system?
Which tool is used to capture network traffic?
Which tool is used to capture network traffic?
Which of the following is a network hacking attack where an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties?
Which of the following is a network hacking attack where an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties?
Which type of attack aims to overwhelm a network or system with traffic, making it unavailable to legitimate users?
Which type of attack aims to overwhelm a network or system with traffic, making it unavailable to legitimate users?
Which of these is a type of malware that disguises itself as a harmless application?
Which of these is a type of malware that disguises itself as a harmless application?
Which of these is a common classification or function of a Trojan horse?
Which of these is a common classification or function of a Trojan horse?
Which of these is NOT typically considered a tool for network penetration testing?
Which of these is NOT typically considered a tool for network penetration testing?
An attack that involves an attacker secretly listening to network traffic is known as:
An attack that involves an attacker secretly listening to network traffic is known as:
Which type of Trojan may be designed to redirect internet traffic through the infected computer?
Which type of Trojan may be designed to redirect internet traffic through the infected computer?
Which tool is used to search for software weaknesses, by providing incorrect inputs?
Which tool is used to search for software weaknesses, by providing incorrect inputs?
Email is considered a possible vector for data loss.
Email is considered a possible vector for data loss.
Network security risks include vulnerabilities, threats, and mitigations.
Network security risks include vulnerabilities, threats, and mitigations.
Hard copy documents are not a risk for data loss.
Hard copy documents are not a risk for data loss.
Networks do not require any type of protection.
Networks do not require any type of protection.
Cloud storage devices cannot contribute to data loss.
Cloud storage devices cannot contribute to data loss.
Campus area networks are a type of network mentioned in the document.
Campus area networks are a type of network mentioned in the document.
Electronic motion detectors are part of outside perimeter security.
Electronic motion detectors are part of outside perimeter security.
Script Kiddies, Vulnerability Brokers and Hacktivists are all examples of modern hacking titles.
Script Kiddies, Vulnerability Brokers and Hacktivists are all examples of modern hacking titles.
Fences and gates are a measure used for inside perimeter security.
Fences and gates are a measure used for inside perimeter security.
Describing how to use security cameras is an objective in section 1.2.
Describing how to use security cameras is an objective in section 1.2.
Password crackers are tools used for penetration testing.
Password crackers are tools used for penetration testing.
Eavesdropping is a network hacking attack that involves modifying data in transit.
Eavesdropping is a network hacking attack that involves modifying data in transit.
IP address spoofing is a method of network hacking that involves taking over a session after initial authentication.
IP address spoofing is a method of network hacking that involves taking over a session after initial authentication.
Denial-of-service attacks do not aim to make system resources unavailable to legitimate users.
Denial-of-service attacks do not aim to make system resources unavailable to legitimate users.
A 'Man-in-the-middle' attack involves an attacker intercepting communication between two parties.
A 'Man-in-the-middle' attack involves an attacker intercepting communication between two parties.
A compromised key is a type of malware that destroys data on a host machine.
A compromised key is a type of malware that destroys data on a host machine.
A sniffer is a tool used for capturing data packets.
A sniffer is a tool used for capturing data packets.
A virus is a classification of Trojan horse malware.
A virus is a classification of Trojan horse malware.
A proxy Trojan horse does not redirect internet traffic.
A proxy Trojan horse does not redirect internet traffic.
FTP is not a classification for a Trojan horse.
FTP is not a classification for a Trojan horse.
Flashcards
Network Threat
Network Threat
A possible danger to a network's security, such as a virus or hacker attack.
Vulnerability
Vulnerability
A weakness in a network system that can be exploited by attackers.
Mitigation
Mitigation
Actions taken to reduce the impact of a threat or vulnerability.
Risk
Risk
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Vectors of Network Attacks
Vectors of Network Attacks
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Hackers
Hackers
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Script Kiddie
Script Kiddie
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Vulnerability Brokers
Vulnerability Brokers
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Hacktivists
Hacktivists
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State-Sponsored Hackers
State-Sponsored Hackers
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Penetration Testing Tools
Penetration Testing Tools
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Forensic Tools
Forensic Tools
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Packet Sniffers
Packet Sniffers
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Fuzzers
Fuzzers
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Rootkits
Rootkits
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Viruses
Viruses
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Trojan Horses
Trojan Horses
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Security Software Disabler
Security Software Disabler
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Remote Access Trojans
Remote Access Trojans
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Data-Sending Trojans
Data-Sending Trojans
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Current State of Network Security
Current State of Network Security
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Vulnerabilities
Vulnerabilities
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Network Hacking Attacks
Network Hacking Attacks
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Denial-of-Service Attack
Denial-of-Service Attack
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Man-in-the-Middle Attack
Man-in-the-Middle Attack
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Sniffers (Network Capture Tools)
Sniffers (Network Capture Tools)
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Study Notes
Modern Network Security Threats
- Chapter Outline:
- Introduction to Modern Networks
- Securing Networks
- Network Threats
- Mitigating Threats
- Summary
Securing Networks
- Learning Objectives:
- Describe the current network security landscape
- Explain why all network types require protection
Current State of Affairs
- Networks are targets for various attacks
Networks Are Targets
- Examples of attack origins and targets are displayed on a world map, highlighting countries like China, the United States, Russia, and others as both attack origins and targets. Specific attacks and targets are noted (e.g., service, port).
Drivers for Network Security
- Common Network Security Terms:
- Threat
- Vulnerability
- Mitigation
- Risk
Vectors of Network Attacks
- External threats originate from the internet.
- Internal threats originate from within the network.
- A compromised host is vulnerable to both internal and external threats.
Data Loss
- Vectors of Data Loss:
- Email/Webmail
- Unencrypted Devices
- Cloud Storage Devices
- Removable Media
- Hard Copy
- Improper Access Control
Network Topology Overview
- Different types of networks exist, including Campus Area Networks, Small Office and Home Office Networks, Wide Area Networks, and Data Center Networks.
Campus Area Networks
- Include AAA servers, firewalls, switches, and various servers like DHCP and web servers.
Small Office and Home Office Networks
- Typically use a wireless router, layer 2 switch, and clients
Wide Area Networks
- Connect multiple locations, including branch sites, regional sites, SOHO sites, and mobile workers to a central corporate network
Data Center Networks
- Outside Perimeter: Features such as security officers, fences, gates, video surveillance, and alarm systems.
- Inside Perimeter: Includes sensors, traps, continuous video surveillance, and biometric access/exit systems.
Network Threats
- Learning Objectives:
- Describe the evolution of network security
- Describe the various types of attack tools used by hackers
- Describe malware
- Describe common network attacks
Who is Hacking Our Networks?
- Modern Hacking Titles:
- Script Kiddies
- Vulnerability Brokers
- Hacktivists
- Cyber Criminals
- State-Sponsored Hackers
Hacker Tools
- Attack tools have become more sophisticated and require more technical knowledge
Evolution of Security Tools
- Penetration testing tools (password crackers, wireless hacking, packet crafting, packet sniffers)
- Forensic tools (debuggers, hacking operating systems)
- Security tools (encryption, vulnerability exploitation, rootkit detectors, vulnerability scanners, fuzzers)
Categories of Attack Tools
- Network Hacking Attacks:
- Eavesdropping
- Data Modification
- IP Address Spoofing
- Denial-of-Service
- Man-in-the-Middle
- Compromised-key
- Sniffer
Malware
- Various Types of Malware:
- Virus
- Worm
- Trojan Horse
Viruses
- Malicious software that execute specific actions on a computer
Trojan Horse Classification
- Security software disabler
- Remote access
- Data-sending
- Destructive
- Proxy
- FTP
- DoS
Worms
- A self-replicating type of malware that copies itself across a network. Examples given include the Code Red worm
Worm Components
- Enabling vulnerability
- Propagation mechanism
- Payload
Other Malware
- Ransomware
- Spyware
- Adware
- Scareware
- Phishing
- Rootkits
Common Network Attacks
- Types of Network Attacks:
- Reconnaissance Attacks
- Access Attacks
- Social Engineering Attacks
- Denial-of-Service Attacks
- DDoS Attacks
Reconnaissance Attacks
- Initial query of a target
- Ping sweep of the target network
- Port scan of active IP addresses
- Vulnerability Scanners
- Exploitation tools
Access Attacks
- Reasons why hackers use access attacks: to retrieve data, to access, to escalate access privileges
- Examples of access attacks: password attacks, port redirection, man-in-the-middle attacks, buffer overflows, IP, MAC, DHCP spoofing
Social Engineering Attacks
- Pretexting
- Phishing
- Spearphishing
- Spam
- Tailgating
- Something for Something
Denial-of-Service Attacks
- Goal is to disrupt services by overwhelming a target with traffic requests
DDoS Attacks
- Uses a network of infected computers (botnet) to attack a target
- Compromised computers (zombies) are controlled by handler systems
- Zombies scan and infect additional targets
- Handler system activates the attack
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