1_3_5 Section 1 – Attacks, Threats, and Vulnerabilities - 1.3 – Application Attacks - Replay Attacks
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Questions and Answers

What protocol should be used to prevent attackers from gathering session IDs off network flows?

  • POP3
  • SSL (correct)
  • HTTP
  • FTP

    • How might an attacker gather session information directly from the network?

  • Using Wireshark or Kismet (correct)
  • Sending phishing emails
  • Accessing the server physically
  • Analyzing server logs

    • What action could an attacker with access to a vulnerable server take to obtain session IDs?

  • Encrypt the server data
  • Change network settings
  • Redirect session IDs to themselves (correct)
  • Update antivirus software

    • How can replay and session attacks be prevented?

    <p>Ensure all communication is encrypted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional overhead does turning on encryption on a web server introduce?

    <p>Increased processing requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can users do if a service doesn't support HTTPS for communication?

    <p>Use an encrypted tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common piece of information that a crafty hacker might extract from network flows?

    <p>Session ID</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might a hacker gather network information if they have physical access to the network?

    <p>Install a network tap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a method a hacker might use if they lack physical access to the network?

    <p>ARP poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attack involves capturing and replaying information across the network as if it originated from the victim?

    <p>Replay attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can hackers do with gathered session IDs or credentials from network traffic?

    <p>Use them across the network later on</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is physical access to the network always required for a replay attack to be successful?

    <p>No, it can be done without being physically present on the network path</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attack involves an attacker gaining access to the hash value associated with a password?

    <p>Replay attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can developers prevent a 'pass the hash' attack?

    <p>Encrypting communication channels like SSL or TLS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique involves adding a unique identifier to a hash to prevent a replay attack?

    <p>Hash salting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for developers to ensure that cookies are secure?

    <p>To prevent replay attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an attacker gain access to a session ID in a session hijacking attack?

    <p>By sniffing network traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes SSL and TLS effective in preventing certain types of attacks?

    <p>They encrypt communication channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason why an attacker might target browser cookies?

    <p>Accessing browser history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main risk of an attacker successfully performing a 'pass the hash' attack?

    <p>Unauthorized access to user accounts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can developers make session IDs more secure against hijacking?

    <p>'Rotating' them frequently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Pass the hash' attacks are mitigated by:

    <p>'Salting' the hash values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a crafty hacker aim to gather from network flows for an advantage during an attack?

    <p>Session IDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might an attacker gather network information if they lack physical access to the network?

    <p>Injecting malicious code onto the victim's computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attack involves capturing information across the network and replaying it to seem as if it originated from the victim?

    <p>Replay attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method might an attacker use to redirect network information logically?

    <p>ARP poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a replay attack, what can be captured by the attacker and later used across the network?

    <p>Session IDs or credentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can an attacker do if they capture information that can be replayed across the network?

    <p>Conduct a replay attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can replay and session attacks be prevented?

    <p>Enabling encryption on all network traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action could an attacker with access to a vulnerable server take to obtain session IDs?

    <p>Use a third-party utility to modify server headers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique could prevent attackers from capturing session IDs from network flows?

    <p>Implementing encrypted communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for websites to operate over HTTPS or TLS?

    <p>To protect data during transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a service does not support HTTPS, what alternative could be used to secure part of the communication flow?

    <p>Creating an encrypted tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could an attacker do in real time to modify headers being sent to a server?

    <p>Employ a third-party utility for header modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can developers prevent a 'pass the hash' attack as described in the text?

    <p>Using strong encryption for communication between client and server</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique could developers use to make session IDs more secure against hijacking?

    <p>Encrypting the session ID during transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is salting the hash with a session ID helpful in preventing replay attacks?

    <p>It creates unique hashed values even if the original data is the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of using SSL or TLS for communication between client and server?

    <p>Securing data transmission against unauthorized access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an attacker potentially gain access to a user's account on a server in a 'pass the hash' attack?

    <p>By replaying the captured password hash to the server</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes cookies stored in web browsers vulnerable to replay attacks as mentioned in the text?

    <p>They may include sensitive session information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are session IDs important in communication between a client and a service as outlined in the text?

    <p>To avoid using usernames and passwords for every request</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Pass the hash' attacks involve replaying what type of information back to the server?

    <p>Hash value associated with a password</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do cookies play in facilitating session hijacking attacks as discussed in the text?

    <p>Storing sensitive information including session IDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does salting the hash with a session ID protect against replay attacks, according to the information provided?

    <p>By making each password hash unique even for identical passwords</p> Signup and view all the answers

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