Network Protocols Chapter 3
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Questions and Answers

What method can be used by two computers to ensure that packets are not dropped because too much data is being sent too quickly?

flow control

What type of communication will send a message to all devices on a local area network?

broadcast

What process is used to place one message inside another message for transfer from the source to the destination?

encapsulation

From the perspective of the client, what is the correct order of the protocol stack that is used to prepare the request for transmission?

<p>HTTP, TCP, IP, Ethernet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is correct about network protocols?

<p>They define how messages are exchanged between the source and the destination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The TCP/IP transport and OSI Layer 4 provide different services and functions.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using standards to develop and implement protocols?

<p>Products from different manufacturers can inter-operate successfully.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What three application layer protocols are part of the TCP/IP protocol suite?

<p>DHCP, DNS, FTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are proprietary protocols?

<p>Protocols developed by organizations who have control over their definition and operation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of network devices using open standard protocols?

<p>A client host and a server running different operating systems can successfully exchange data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If Host1 were to transfer a file to the server, what layers of the TCP/IP model would be used?

<p>Application, transport, Internet, and network access layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which three layers of the OSI model are comparable in function to the application layer of the TCP/IP model?

<p>Application, presentation, session</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which layer of the OSI model would a logical address be encapsulated?

<p>Network layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which PDU format is used when bits are received from the network medium by the NIC of a host?

<p>Frame</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which PDU is processed when a host computer is de-encapsulating a message at the transport layer of the TCP/IP model?

<p>Segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Host A is attempting to contact Server B; what two statements correctly describe the addressing that Host A will generate in the process?

<ul> <li>A frame with the destination MAC address of Router A, - A packet with the destination IP address of Server B</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Which address does a NIC use when deciding whether to accept a frame?

<p>Destination MAC address</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if the default gateway address is incorrectly configured on a host?

<p>The host cannot communicate with hosts in other networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristics describe the default gateway of a host computer?

<p>The logical address of the router interface on the same network as the host computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the organizations with their descriptions:

<p>ISOC = Promotes open development, evolution, and the use of the Internet throughout the world ISO = Largest developer of international standards in the world for a variety of products and services; known for its Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model IANA = Responsible for overseeing and managing IP address allocation, domain name management, and protocol identifiers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the protocol function to the corresponding application process while taking into consideration that a network client is visiting a website:

<p>Application protocol = Governing the way a web server and a web client interact Internet Protocol = Taking the segments from the transport protocol, encapsulating them into packets, and assigning them appropriately Network Access Protocol = Preparing packets to be transmitted over the network media Transport Protocol = Managing the individual conversations between web servers and web clients</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is message encoding?

<p>The process of converting information from one format into another acceptable for transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is message sizing?

<p>The process of breaking up a long message into individual pieces before being sent over a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is message encapsulation?

<p>The process of placing one message format inside another message format.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Network Protocols and Communications

  • Flow Control: A method used to prevent packet loss due to excessive data transmission speed between two computers.
  • Broadcast Communication: Sends messages to all devices on a local area network, ensuring widespread delivery within the network.
  • Encapsulation Process: Involves placing one message within another for transfer, ensuring that the original message is properly packaged for delivery.

Protocol Stacks and Models

  • Web Client Request Order: For a webpage request, the transmission protocol stack follows the order: HTTP, TCP, IP, Ethernet.
  • Network Protocol Definition: Protocols establish rules for how messages are exchanged from source to destination.
  • TCP/IP vs. OSI Model: Both models’ layers 4 (TCP/IP transport) and OSI Layer 4 offer comparable services and functions.

Advantages of Protocol Standards

  • Inter-operability through Standards: Standardized protocols allow products from various manufacturers to work together seamlessly.
  • Open Standard Protocols Benefits: Facilitate successful data exchange even between clients and servers running different operating systems.

TCP/IP and OSI Layers

  • TCP/IP File Transfer Layers: When transferring a file, the layers involved in the TCP/IP model are application, transport, Internet, and network access.
  • Comparable OSI Layers: The application layer in TCP/IP corresponds to the application, presentation, and session layers of the OSI model.

Addressing and Routing

  • Logical Address Encapsulation: Occurs at the network layer of the OSI model, where addresses are prepared for transmission.
  • PDU Formats: A "frame" is used when bits are received by a Network Interface Card (NIC), while a "segment" is processed at the transport layer when de-encapsulating messages.
  • Address Generation for Host Communication: Host A generates a frame with Router A’s MAC address and a packet using Server B’s IP address during communication.

Host Configuration and Networking

  • NIC Frame Acceptance: A Network Interface Card (NIC) checks the destination MAC address to decide if it should accept a frame.
  • Default Gateway Configuration: If the default gateway is incorrectly set, the host cannot communicate with devices outside its own network.
  • Default Gateway Characteristics: It is the logical address of the router interface residing on the same network as the host.

Organizations and Protocol Functions

  • ISOC: Promotes open Internet development, evolution, and usage globally.
  • ISO: The largest international standards developer, known for the OSI reference model.
  • IANA: Manages IP address allocation, domain names, and protocol identifiers.

Protocol Functions in Web Client Interaction

  • Application Protocol: Governs the interaction between web servers and clients.
  • Internet Protocol: Encapsulates transport protocol segments into packets.
  • Network Access Protocol: Prepares packets for transmission over network media.
  • Transport Protocol: Manages conversations between web servers and clients.

Message Processing

  • Message Encoding: Converts information from one format to another for seamless transmission.
  • Message Sizing: Breaks long messages into smaller segments before network transmission.
  • Message Encapsulation: Involves embedding one message format within another for efficient communication.

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Description

Test your understanding of Chapter 3 on Network Protocols and Communications. This quiz covers key concepts such as flow control, broadcast communication, and encapsulation techniques used in networking. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their knowledge on these essential topics.

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