Network Protocols and Models Quiz
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What statement describes the use of powerline networking technology?

  • A home LAN is installed without the use of physical cabling.
  • Wireless access points use powerline adapters to distribute data through the home LAN.
  • New ‘smart’ electrical cabling is used to extend an existing home LAN.
  • A device connects to an existing home LAN using an adapter and an existing electrical outlet. (correct)

    • Investment in new infrastructure is unnecessary to access the cloud.

    False

    What type of network traffic requires Quality of Service (QoS)?

    video conferencing

    Which statement correctly describes network protocols?

    <p>They define how messages are exchanged between the source and the destination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of placing one message inside another for transfer is called __________.

    <p>encapsulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using standards to develop protocols allows products from different manufacturers to interoperate successfully.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two actions would provide minimum security requirements for a small office network?

    <p>Implementing a firewall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which layer of the OSI model is an IP address encapsulated?

    <p>network layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following network characteristics with their descriptions:

    <p>Scalable network = Grows in size without impacting existing users Complex passwords = Supports data confidentiality QoS = Requires prioritization of specific traffic types Broadcast communication = Sends a message to all devices on a local area network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A piece of data at any layer of a networking model is called a ______.

    <p>protocol data unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a scalable network?

    <p>Grows in size without impacting existing users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which three layers of the OSI model are comparable in function to the application layer of the TCP/IP model? (Choose three.)

    <p>Application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What order of the protocol stack is used by a web client to prepare a request?

    <p>HTTP, TCP, IP, Ethernet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a function of Layer 4 of the OSI model?

    <p>To describe the ordered and reliable delivery of data between source and destination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which PDU is processed when a host computer is de-encapsulating a message at the transport layer of the TCP/IP model?

    <p>Segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Application = Layer that interacts with software applications Physical = Layer responsible for the transmission of raw bit streams over a physical medium Network = Layer that handles data routing and forwarding Transport = Layer that ensures complete data transfer between devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device performs the function of determining the path that messages should take through internetworks?

    <p>A router</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Intermediary devices initiate the encapsulation process.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of end devices on a network?

    <p>They originate the data that flows through the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An employee accessing confidential pricing information from internal servers at the Head Office is using an ___ network.

    <p>intranet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Internet connection option does not require that physical cables be run to the building?

    <p>Satellite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the network function to the device:

    <p>Router = Determines data paths Firewall = Filters unwanted traffic Switch = Connects devices within a network Server = Stores and manages data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A converged network requires a separate network infrastructure for each type of communication technology.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What networking trend involves the use of personal tools and devices for accessing resources on a business network?

    <p>BYOD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What command should be issued to save the router configuration for automatic use after a reboot?

    <p>copy running-config startup-config</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A computer in a corporate network can communicate with the Internet if it has only an IP address and subnet mask.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How will a computer send a packet to a destination host within the same LAN?

    <p>The packet will be sent directly to the destination host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A packet leaving PC-1 has to traverse ______ hops to reach PC-4.

    <p>X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions in network communication:

    <p>Default Gateway = The IP address of the device that routes traffic from a local network to other networks Subnet Mask = A number that divides the IP address into network and host portions DNS Server = A server that translates domain names to IP addresses IP Address = A unique identifier for a device on a network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two things can be determined by using the ping command? (Choose two.)

    <p>the average time it takes a packet to reach the destination and for the response to return to the source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 232?

    <p>11101000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The transport layer uses sequence numbers to guarantee the delivery of data packets.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What IPv4 header field is used to prevent a packet from traversing a network endlessly?

    <p>Time-to-Live</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Out which interface will R1 forward a packet destined for the IP address 192.168.2.10?

    <p>FastEthernet0/0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The code 'C' in an IPv4 routing table indicates a default route.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A host device sends data packets via __________ protocol to a web server.

    <p>HTTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature allows a host device to send a large video file while providing communication to other users simultaneously?

    <p>multiplexing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the next step in the router boot sequence after the IOS loads from flash?

    <p>Locate and load the startup-config file from NVRAM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fields in the IPv4 header with their descriptions:

    <p>Protocol = Identifies the upper layer protocol carried in the packet Identification = Used to uniquely identify fragments of an original packet Version = Indicates the IP protocol version Time-to-Live = Prevents infinite packet looping in the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ configuration file on a Cisco router is responsible for the settings loaded at startup.

    <p>startup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two pieces of information are in the RAM of a Cisco router during normal operation? (Choose two)

    <p>Cisco IOS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a beneficial feature of the UDP transport protocol?

    <p>fewer delays in transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following IP addresses with their respective network designation:

    <p>192.168.10.10 = Network Destination 255.255.255.255 = Netmask 192.168.10.1 = Gateway 127.0.0.1 = Loopback Address 0.0.0.0 = Default Route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the metric value in a routing table?

    <p>The cost associated with reaching a destination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The IP address 0.0.0.0 is used to indicate a valid route to a destination on a network.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the consequence of an incorrectly configured default gateway on a host?

    <p>The host cannot communicate with hosts in other networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The subnet mask helps to determine the range of IP addresses on a local network.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the IP address format 172.17.4.250/24 indicate?

    <p>It indicates a host address within the subnet defined by the mask /24.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The number of bits in an IPv4 address is ______.

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two parts are components of an IPv4 address? (Choose two.)

    <p>network portion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following IP address types with their definitions:

    <p>10.1.1.1 = Private IP Address 172.16.4.4 = Private IP Address 192.167.10.10 = Public IP Address 192.168.5.5 = Private IP Address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic best describes a multicast transmission?

    <p>A single packet can be sent to a group of hosts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The range of 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 is reserved for multicast groups.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes an enhancement of IPv6 over IPv4?

    <p>IPv6 addresses are based on 128-bit flat addressing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    NAT is essential for IPv6 because it increases security.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason NAT is not necessary in IPv6?

    <p>The number of available IPv6 addresses is extremely large.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ field in the IPv6 header classifies packets for traffic congestion control.

    <p>Flow Label</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which command can be used on a Windows host to display the routing table?

    <p>route print</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fields of an IPv4 header with their functions:

    <p>Differentiated Services = Defines the priority of the packet Traffic Class = Identifies the type of service Flow Label = Classifies packets for real-time applications Flags = Indicates fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a router do immediately after matching the destination IP address to a network?

    <p>Switch the packet to the directly connected interface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IPv6 supports privacy capabilities while IPv4 does not.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Network Protocols

    • Network protocols define rules for exchanging messages between devices.
    • They dictate how messages are built, formatted, and transmitted.
    • They ensure interoperability between devices from different manufacturers.

    OSI Model

    • The Application layer of the OSI model is comparable to the Application layer of the TCP/IP model.
    • The presentation, session, and transport layers of the OSI model are also comparable to the Application layer of the TCP/IP model.
    • The network layer of the OSI model is where an IP address is encapsulated.

    TCP/IP Model

    • The Transport layer of the TCP/IP model processes segments, which are PDUs (Protocol Data Units) at this layer.

    Intermediary Devices

    • Intermediary devices connect end devices to the network.
    • They do not generate data, but they facilitate its flow.

    Network Types

    • An intranet is a private network that is accessible only by employees or authorized individuals within an organization.
    • An extranet is a network that allows secure access to specific external parties.
    • BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) allows employees to use personal devices to access company resources.
    • Converged networks carry voice, video, and data over the same infrastructure, combining different communication technologies.
    • Cloud computing involves accessing resources and applications over the internet.
    • Powerline networking involves using existing electrical wiring to connect devices to a LAN.

    Security

    • Security measures like firewalls, antivirus software, and intrusion prevention devices are crucial for safeguarding networks.

    Quality of Service (QoS)

    • QoS prioritizes certain types of traffic, ensuring smooth delivery for applications like video conferencing.

    Data Protection

    • Complex passwords contribute to data confidentiality, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access.

    Scalable Networks

    • Scalable networks can accommodate growth in traffic without negatively impacting existing users.

    Network Communication

    • A broadcast message reaches all devices on a local area network.
    • Encapsulation involves wrapping data in "layers" of information for transmission.

    Protocol Stack Order

    • When a web client sends a request, the protocol stack order is HTTP, TCP, IP, Ethernet.

    Default Gateway & Network Communication

    • Incorrectly configured default gateway on a host prevents communication with hosts on other networks.
    • The default gateway is the logical address of the router interface on the same network as the host.

    Communication Types

    • Multicast communication involves a single packet being sent to a group of hosts.
    • Unicast communication involves communication between a single sender & single receiver.

    IP Addressing

    • IPv4 addresses consist of 32 bits.
    • An IPv4 address consists of a network portion and a host portion.
    • The IP address 172.17.4.250/24 represents a host address.
    • The subnet mask is used to determine the subnet to which the host belongs.
    • The slash notation /20 represents the subnet mask 255.255.240.0.
    • Multicast transmissions use source addresses within the range 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255.
    • Private IP addresses include 10.1.1.1, 172.16.4.4, and 192.168.5.5.

    Network Tools

    • The ping command can be used to determine if a destination device is reachable through the network.
    • The ping command also measures the average time it takes a packet to reach the destination and return.

    Binary Conversion

    • The binary equivalent of the decimal number 232 is 11101000.
    • The decimal equivalent of the binary number 10010101 is 149.

    Multiplexing & Bandwidth Management

    • Multiplexing allows different communication streams to occur simultaneously without a single stream consuming all available bandwidth.

    Transport Layer & Port Numbers

    • The destination port number is used by the transport layer at the receiver to pass the data stream to the proper application on the server.

    UDP Protocol

    • UDP is a connectionless transport protocol, prioritizing speed over reliability.
    • UDP is less likely to incur delays in transmission compared to TCP.

    IPv4 Header Fields

    • The Time-to-Live field in the IPv4 header prevents packets from traversing a network endlessly.
    • The Protocol field in the IPv4 header identifies the upper layer protocol carried in the packet.

    Routing Table & Interface Selection

    • Based on the provided routing table details, the route with "Network Destination" 192.168.10.0, "Netmask" 255.255.255.0, and "Gateway" On-link will be used to reach PC2.
    • R1 will forward the packet destined for 192.168.2.10 out of the FastEthernet0/1 interface.

    Router Configuration & Boot Sequence

    • "C" in an IPv4 routing table on a Cisco router indicates a directly connected route.
    • The next step in the router boot sequence after the IOS loads from flash is to locate and load the startup-config file from NVRAM.
    • The RAM of a Cisco router during normal operation contains the Cisco IOS and the IP routing table.
    • The startup configuration file contains commands used to initially configure a router on startup.

    IPv6 Enhancements

    • IPv6 addresses are based on 128-bit flat addressing, unlike IPv4's 32-bit hierarchical addressing.
    • The IPv6 header is simpler than the IPv4 header, improving packet handling.

    NAT & IPv6

    • NAT is not needed in IPv6 due to the vast IPv6 address space, allowing each host to obtain a public IPv6 address.

    IPv6 Flow Label

    • The Flow Label field in the IPv6 header informs network devices to maintain the same path for real-time application packets.

    Routing Table Commands

    • The "route print" and "netstat -r" commands can be used on a Windows host to display the routing table.

    Router Forwarding Process

    • The router, after matching the destination IP address to a network on a directly connected routing table entry, will switch the packet to the directly connected interface.

    Saving Router Configuration

    • The command "copy running-config startup-config" saves the router configuration so that it is automatically used on reboot.

    Network Configuration Requirements

    • For Internet access, a device needs to be configured with the default gateway address in addition to IP address, subnet mask, and DNS server.

    Packet Transmission in LAN

    • A packet sent from a computer to a destination host within the same LAN is directly sent to the destination host.

    Packet Hops

    • A packet leaving PC-1 to reach PC-4 needs to traverse 3 hops, based on the provided network diagram detail.

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    Related Documents

    Revision Questions.pdf
    Revision Questions-part 2.pdf

    Description

    Test your knowledge on network protocols and models, including the OSI and TCP/IP frameworks. This quiz covers the definitions, layers, and roles of intermediary devices in networking. Understand the fundamental concepts behind intranets and network communication.

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