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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of Public IP addresses?
What is the purpose of Public IP addresses?
- To assign IP addresses based on MAC addresses
- To connect devices directly to the Internet (correct)
- To license through IANA (correct)
- To create private networks
What is the range for Public IP Class A?
What is the range for Public IP Class A?
1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x
How many available hosts are there per network in Public IP Class B?
How many available hosts are there per network in Public IP Class B?
65,000
Private IP address range for Class C is ___
Private IP address range for Class C is ___
What does the address 255.255.255.255 represent?
What does the address 255.255.255.255 represent?
What does the address 0.0.0.0 indicate?
What does the address 0.0.0.0 indicate?
What is 127.0.0.1 used for?
What is 127.0.0.1 used for?
What is the purpose of a Default Gateway?
What is the purpose of a Default Gateway?
Define Virtual IP.
Define Virtual IP.
What is a Subnet Mask used for?
What is a Subnet Mask used for?
What is Classful Subnetting?
What is Classful Subnetting?
What differentiates Classless Subnetting from Classful Subnetting?
What differentiates Classless Subnetting from Classful Subnetting?
What does DHCP stand for?
What does DHCP stand for?
What is the function of DHCPv6?
What is the function of DHCPv6?
Define a Static IP address.
Define a Static IP address.
What does APIPA stand for?
What does APIPA stand for?
What is EUI-64?
What is EUI-64?
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Study Notes
Public vs Private IP Addresses
- Public IP addresses are issued under IANA in Classes A, B, and C.
- Private IP addresses allow for the creation of billions of hosts from a single public IP, used for devices like smart appliances.
Public IP Address Class A
- Address range: 1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x.
- Offers 126 networks with each accommodating up to 16 million hosts.
Public IP Address Class B
- Address range: 128.x.x.x to 191.255.x.x.
- Supports 16,000 networks with 65,000 hosts per network.
Public IP Address Class C
- Address range: 192.0.0.x to 223.255.255.x.
- Allows for 2 million networks, each with up to 254 hosts.
Private IP Address Ranges
- Class A: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255.
- Class B: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255.
- Class C: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255.
Special Addresses
- Broadcast Address: 255.255.255.255, used for sending data to all nodes in a network.
- Unassigned Address: 0.0.0.0, indicates a non-assigned IP.
- Loopback Address: 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.254, used for network interface testing.
- APIPA Range: 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.255, automatically assigned when DHCP fails.
Networking Components
- Default Gateway: Router’s address configured to enable external communication for hosts.
- Virtual IP: A single IP address shared among multiple systems.
Subnetting
- Subnet Mask: Divides an IP into network and host IDs.
- Classful Subnetting: Uses whole octets for network ID. Classes A (255.0.0.0), B (255.255.0.0), C (255.255.255.0) defined for addressing.
- Classless Subnetting: Allows flexible subnetting by borrowing bits from other octets, implementing CIDR.
DHCP Protocols
- DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, automatically assigns IP addresses and TCP/IP settings.
- DHCPv6: Manages dynamic IPv6 address assignment, using ports 546 for listening and 547 for responding.
IP Address Types
- Static IP Address: Manually assigned and remains unchanged unless altered.
- APIPA: Automatically assigns a 169.254.x.x address when no DHCP server responds.
EUI-64
- Extended Unique Identifier, a 64-bit standard for IPv6, derived from a 48-bit MAC address with modifications for use in IP addressing.
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