Podcast
Questions and Answers
End systems are also known as hosts because they provide connection to the Internet.
End systems are also known as hosts because they provide connection to the Internet.
False (B)
Desktops, laptops, and smartphones are considered clients in the context of end systems.
Desktops, laptops, and smartphones are considered clients in the context of end systems.
True (A)
Servers are generally less powerful than clients.
Servers are generally less powerful than clients.
False (B)
Mobile devices such as tablets are classified as end systems.
Mobile devices such as tablets are classified as end systems.
The term 'network edge' refers to the central components of computer networking.
The term 'network edge' refers to the central components of computer networking.
End systems include only traditional computing devices like desktops and servers.
End systems include only traditional computing devices like desktops and servers.
Web servers and e-mail clients are examples of application programs run by end systems.
Web servers and e-mail clients are examples of application programs run by end systems.
Hosts and end systems are terms that can be used interchangeably in computer networking.
Hosts and end systems are terms that can be used interchangeably in computer networking.
DSL modems use low-frequency tones for transmission over telephone wires.
DSL modems use low-frequency tones for transmission over telephone wires.
A splitter is used on the customer side to combine data and telephone signals.
A splitter is used on the customer side to combine data and telephone signals.
The DSL access allows simultaneous use of telephone and internet services by implementing frequency-division multiplexing.
The DSL access allows simultaneous use of telephone and internet services by implementing frequency-division multiplexing.
The highest possible upstream rate defined by DSL standards is 16 Mbps.
The highest possible upstream rate defined by DSL standards is 16 Mbps.
An ordinary two-way telephone channel operates within the frequency band of 0 to 4 kHz.
An ordinary two-way telephone channel operates within the frequency band of 0 to 4 kHz.
DSL transmission rates can be capped by the DSL provider based on tiered service options.
DSL transmission rates can be capped by the DSL provider based on tiered service options.
DSL is designed to function effectively over distances greater than 10 miles from the central office.
DSL is designed to function effectively over distances greater than 10 miles from the central office.
Electrical interference has no significant effect on the maximum DSL transmission rates.
Electrical interference has no significant effect on the maximum DSL transmission rates.
5G is the fourth generation of wide-area wireless networks.
5G is the fourth generation of wide-area wireless networks.
Physical media used in Internet transmission can only be made of a single type of material.
Physical media used in Internet transmission can only be made of a single type of material.
Coaxial cable is an example of unguided media.
Coaxial cable is an example of unguided media.
Guided media allows electromagnetic waves to propagate in the atmosphere.
Guided media allows electromagnetic waves to propagate in the atmosphere.
A bit travels from one end system to another by passing through multiple transmitter-receiver pairs.
A bit travels from one end system to another by passing through multiple transmitter-receiver pairs.
Twisted-pair copper wire is categorized as unguided media.
Twisted-pair copper wire is categorized as unguided media.
Multimode fiber-optic cable is an example of guided media.
Multimode fiber-optic cable is an example of guided media.
The wireless LAN is considered a type of guided media.
The wireless LAN is considered a type of guided media.
Cable Internet access uses a specialized device called a fiber modem.
Cable Internet access uses a specialized device called a fiber modem.
In a hybrid fiber-coaxial network, traditional coaxial cable reaches individual houses.
In a hybrid fiber-coaxial network, traditional coaxial cable reaches individual houses.
The DOCSIS 2.0 standard allows for upstream rates of up to 150 Mbps.
The DOCSIS 2.0 standard allows for upstream rates of up to 150 Mbps.
Cable Internet access is considered a shared broadcast medium.
Cable Internet access is considered a shared broadcast medium.
A cable modem termination system (CMTS) converts digital signals to analog.
A cable modem termination system (CMTS) converts digital signals to analog.
As of 2020, Google has 19 data centers located on three continents.
As of 2020, Google has 19 data centers located on three continents.
Each neighborhood junction in a hybrid fiber-coaxial network can support 500 to 1,000 homes.
Each neighborhood junction in a hybrid fiber-coaxial network can support 500 to 1,000 homes.
Digital subscriber line (DSL) Internet access is typically provided by a local telephone company.
Digital subscriber line (DSL) Internet access is typically provided by a local telephone company.
Cable Internet access usually has a symmetrical data rate for both upstream and downstream channels.
Cable Internet access usually has a symmetrical data rate for both upstream and downstream channels.
The maximum achievable rate of cable Internet may not always be realized due to impairments.
The maximum achievable rate of cable Internet may not always be realized due to impairments.
In 2020, more than 80% of the households in Europe and the USA had no Internet access.
In 2020, more than 80% of the households in Europe and the USA had no Internet access.
Access networks connect an end system directly to the content provider network.
Access networks connect an end system directly to the content provider network.
The typical configuration for DSL involves a customer's modem communicating with a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM).
The typical configuration for DSL involves a customer's modem communicating with a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM).
Home access networks for Internet connectivity are primarily limited to fiber optics and satellite connections.
Home access networks for Internet connectivity are primarily limited to fiber optics and satellite connections.
The figures referenced in the content illustrate various access networks and their applications in different settings.
The figures referenced in the content illustrate various access networks and their applications in different settings.
Regional Internet Service Providers (ISPs) do not play a role in home access networks.
Regional Internet Service Providers (ISPs) do not play a role in home access networks.
The installation cost of a physical link is often significantly lower than the cost of the material itself.
The installation cost of a physical link is often significantly lower than the cost of the material itself.
Twisted-pair copper wire has been used in telephone networks for over two decades.
Twisted-pair copper wire has been used in telephone networks for over two decades.
Modern twisted-pair technology, like category 6a cable, can achieve data rates of 10 Gbps over distances of up to fifty meters.
Modern twisted-pair technology, like category 6a cable, can achieve data rates of 10 Gbps over distances of up to fifty meters.
Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) is primarily used for connecting local area networks (LANs) within buildings.
Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) is primarily used for connecting local area networks (LANs) within buildings.
Fiber-optic technology was completely successful in replacing twisted pair technology upon its emergence in the 1980s.
Fiber-optic technology was completely successful in replacing twisted pair technology upon its emergence in the 1980s.
The thickness of the twisted pair wire does not affect the data rates that can be achieved in a network.
The thickness of the twisted pair wire does not affect the data rates that can be achieved in a network.
The data transmission rate for dial-up modem technology over twisted pair reaches up to 56 Mbps.
The data transmission rate for dial-up modem technology over twisted pair reaches up to 56 Mbps.
The main purpose of twisting the pairs in twisted-pair cables is to increase electrical interference among the wires.
The main purpose of twisting the pairs in twisted-pair cables is to increase electrical interference among the wires.
Flashcards
DSL Splitter
DSL Splitter
A device that separates data and telephone signals arriving at a home and sends the data signal to the DSL modem.
DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer)
DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer)
A device at the central office (CO) that translates analog signals from multiple homes into digital data for the internet.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
A high-speed internet connection that uses existing telephone lines.
Frequency-Division Multiplexing
Frequency-Division Multiplexing
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Downstream
Downstream
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Upstream
Upstream
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Asymmetric DSL
Asymmetric DSL
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Distance Limitation
Distance Limitation
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End Systems
End Systems
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Network Edge
Network Edge
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Servers
Servers
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Clients
Clients
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Hosts
Hosts
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Switching and Routing
Switching and Routing
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Local or Home Network
Local or Home Network
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Regional ISP
Regional ISP
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Physical Media
Physical Media
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Guided Media
Guided Media
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Unguided Media
Unguided Media
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Link
Link
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Router
Router
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Data Rate
Data Rate
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Interference
Interference
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Attenuation
Attenuation
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What are data centers?
What are data centers?
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What is the access network?
What is the access network?
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What is an edge router?
What is an edge router?
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What are two common residential internet access technologies?
What are two common residential internet access technologies?
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What is a DSL modem?
What is a DSL modem?
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What is a DSLAM?
What is a DSLAM?
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Why is the telco also the ISP for DSL users?
Why is the telco also the ISP for DSL users?
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Which residential internet access technologies are most popular?
Which residential internet access technologies are most popular?
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Cable Internet Access Infrastructure
Cable Internet Access Infrastructure
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Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC)
Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC)
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Cable Modem
Cable Modem
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Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS)
Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS)
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Downstream and Upstream Channels
Downstream and Upstream Channels
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Asymmetric Cable Internet
Asymmetric Cable Internet
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Shared Broadcast Medium
Shared Broadcast Medium
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DOCSIS Standards
DOCSIS Standards
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Labor cost vs. Material cost for networking
Labor cost vs. Material cost for networking
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Why install multiple cable types?
Why install multiple cable types?
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What is twisted-pair copper wire?
What is twisted-pair copper wire?
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What is UTP cable used for?
What is UTP cable used for?
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Data rates for twisted-pair cable
Data rates for twisted-pair cable
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Why is twisted pair still relevant?
Why is twisted pair still relevant?
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Modern twisted-pair performance
Modern twisted-pair performance
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Twisted pair for Internet access
Twisted pair for Internet access
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Study Notes
Network Edge Components
- End systems are computers and devices connected to the internet
- These include desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, and other devices
- They are also referred to as hosts
- Hosts can be clients or servers
- Clients are desktop computers, laptops, smartphones
- Servers are more powerful machines that store and distribute web pages, email, videos, etc.
- Many servers reside in large data centers
Access Networks
- Access networks connect end systems to the edge router
- Different types of access networks are used in various settings (home, enterprise, wide-area mobile wireless)
- Examples include DSL, cable, FTTH, and 5G fixed wireless
Home Access
- DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) uses existing telephone lines to transmit data, incorporating multiple frequencies for different purposes
- Cable access uses cable television infrastructure, sharing a common broadcast medium, making simultaneous data transfer potentially slower
- FTTH (Fiber to the home) uses fiber optic cables for direct connection to the home, offering higher speeds
- 5G Fixed Wireless offers high speed wireless home access
Enterprise Access
- Ethernet uses twisted pair copper wire to connect to an Ethernet switch
- Wireless LAN (WiFi) uses IEEE 802.11 technology for wireless access
- Both are commonly seen in corporate and university settings, as well as residences
Wide-Area Wireless
- 3G, LTE, 4G, and 5G wide-area wireless technologies provide access via cellular network infrastructure
- Mobile devices use these technologies for messaging, social networking, payments, etc
- Communication occurs through base stations at a wider range (tens of kilometers)
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Description
Explore the foundational aspects of network edge components and access networks in this quiz. Learn about end systems, their classification as hosts, and various types of access networks including DSL, cable, and 5G. Test your knowledge on how these elements connect users to the internet.
