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What is a network?
A network is a set of devices (nodes) connected by communication links.
Which of the following is NOT a type of data flow?
What is an example of a Local Area Network (LAN)?
What is the primary purpose of a network server?
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In a peer-to-peer network, one computer is responsible for administering the entire network.
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Which of the following topologies connects all devices to a single central hub?
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Match the following types of networks with their descriptions:
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A _______ network interconnects users with resources in a geographic area larger than LAN but smaller than WAN.
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Study Notes
Network Basics
- A network is a collection of interconnected devices (nodes) that communicate with each other.
- Devices can be computers, printers, cameras, or any device able to send or receive data.
- Communication links can be cables, wireless signals, fiber optic cables, or any medium transporting information.
Why Networks Are Important
- Sharing information between devices
- Sharing hardware and software resources
- Centralizing administration and support
Data Flow
- Simplex mode: One-way communication, examples include radio broadcasts, paging systems, and satellite broadcasts.
- Half-duplex mode: Two-way communication but only one device can transmit at a time, examples include walkie-talkies.
- Full-duplex mode: Two-way communication with both devices sending and receiving simultaneously, examples include cellular phones.
Types of Connections
- Point-to-Point: Single transmitter and receiver.
- Multipoint: Multiple recipients of a single transmitted signal.
Types of Networks
- LAN (Local Area Network): Connects devices within a small geographic area, like a room, building, or department.
- WAN (Wide Area Network): Connects devices across larger distances, like cities, states, or countries.
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Connects networks within a city or region.
Network Size
- Local Area Network (LAN): Covers small areas like a room, building, or floor. It is limited by the number of computers and its size.
- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Connects networks within a city or metropolitan area.
- Wide Area Network (WAN): Connects networks across larger distances, like cities, countries, or continents.
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Examples of WAN technologies:
- ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network (Basic rate: 192 Kbps, Primary rate: 1.544Mbps)
- T-Carriers: Digital phone lines (T1: 1.544 Mbps, T3: 28 x T1)
- Frame Relay: Each link offers 1.544 Mbps or higher.
- ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (Supports various speeds, up to 622 Mbps or higher)
- SONET: Synchronous Optical Network (Basic rate OC1: 51.84 Mbps, Supports OC12 and up to OC192)
Network Management Methods
- Peer-to-Peer Networks: All devices are equal without a central authority for management. Suitable for small networks of 10 users or less where security is not a major concern.
- Client-Server Networks: Clients request resources from a central server. Servers provide services to clients and typically have more processing power and memory than clients. Advantages include enhanced security, better centralized management, and ability to support more users.
Network Topologies
- Bus Topology: Devices are connected to a single shared cable. Simple, low-cost, but only one device can transmit at a time.
- Star Topology: Devices are connected to a central hub. All traffic goes through the hub; if the hub fails, the network goes down.
- Ring Topology: Devices are connected in a closed loop. Data travels in a single direction.
- Tree Topology: Combines star and bus topologies, often used with bridges, switches, and routers to reduce network traffic.
Transmission Media
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Wired: Uses physical cables for transmission.
- Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
- Coaxial Cables: Used for telecommunications and cable television.
- Fiber Optic Cables: Transmit data using light pulses; faster and more secure than other wired options.
- Wireless: Uses radio waves for transmission.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts of network basics, including types of connections, data flow modes, and the significance of networks in communication. Test your knowledge on simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex modes as well as point-to-point and multipoint connections.
