Network Addressing Basics

Here are the study notes for the topic of Network Addressing:

Network Addressing Basics

• Network addressing is the process of assigning a unique identifier to devices on a network
• This allows devices to communicate with each other and exchange data

IP Addressing

• An IP address is a 32-bit number that identifies a device on a network
• IP addresses are typically written in dotted decimal notation (e.g. 192.0.2.1)
• IP addresses are divided into two parts: network ID and host ID
• Network ID identifies the network, while host ID identifies the device on the network

IPv4 vs IPv6

• IPv4 is the original IP address format, which uses 32-bit addresses
• IPv6 is the newer IP address format, which uses 128-bit addresses
• IPv6 was introduced to address the issue of IP address exhaustion

Subnet Mask

• A subnet mask is a 32-bit number that determines the scope of a subnet
• Subnet masks are used to determine whether an IP address is on the same subnet or not
• Subnet masks are typically written in dotted decimal notation (e.g. 255.255.255.0)

Subnetting

• Subnetting is the process of dividing a larger network into smaller subnets
• Subnetting is used to improve network organization and reduce network traffic
• Subnetting can be done using various subnet masks and subnetting techniques

DHCP

• DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol that assigns IP addresses dynamically
• DHCP allows devices to automatically obtain an IP address and other network settings
• DHCP is commonly used in networks to simplify IP address management

NAT

• NAT (Network Address Translation) is a technique that allows multiple devices to share a single public IP address
• NAT is used to conserve IP addresses and improve network security
• NAT is commonly used in home networks and small business networks

Private IP Addresses

• Private IP addresses are IP addresses that are reserved for use on private networks
• Private IP addresses are not routed on the internet and are used to conserve IP addresses
• Private IP addresses are typically in the range of 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Public IP Addresses

• Public IP addresses are IP addresses that are assigned by ISPs and are routed on the internet
• Public IP addresses are unique and allow devices to be accessed from the internet
• Public IP addresses are typically in the range of 1.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255

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