Network Adaptors and Data Transmission

What is the primary function of an adaptor in a network?

To encapsulate datagrams in frames and add error checking bits

What is the purpose of error detection in data transmission?

To detect errors, but not correct them

What type of multiple access protocol is used in old-fashioned Ethernet?

Shared wire

What is the result of two or more nodes transmitting simultaneously in a shared channel?

Collision Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a multiple access protocol?

To determine when a node can transmit Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between point-to-point and multiple access links?

Point-to-point links connect two devices, while multiple access links connect multiple devices Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the preamble in an Ethernet frame?

To synchronize the receiver and sender clock rates Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a receiving adapter detects an error in the received frame?

The adapter discards the frame Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Ethernet as a connection type?

Connectionless and unreliable Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a switch in an Ethernet network?

To examine incoming frames and selectively forward them to outgoing links Signup and view all the answers

What is a key assumption in the Slotted ALOHA protocol?

All frames have the same size Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a node detects a collision in Slotted ALOHA?

The node retransmits the frame in the next slot with probability p Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using a switch over a hub in an Ethernet network?

A switch reduces the number of collision domains Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of the Slotted ALOHA protocol?

Idle slots are wasted Signup and view all the answers

How does a switch learn the location of devices in a network?

Through a self-learning process Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Slotted ALOHA and Pure ALOHA?

Slotted ALOHA uses a fixed-size slot Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the carrier sense mechanism in CSMA?

To avoid collisions by listening before transmitting Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of channel partitioning MAC protocols?

They are inefficient at low load Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of an ideal multiple access protocol when M nodes want to transmit?

Each node sends at an average rate of R/M Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of fully decentralized MAC protocols?

No special node to coordinate transmissions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of random access MAC protocols?

Nodes transmit at random time intervals Signup and view all the answers

In a TDMA MAC protocol, what happens to unused slots in a round?

They go idle Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between FDMA and TDMA MAC protocols?

FDMA uses frequency bands, while TDMA uses time slots Signup and view all the answers

What happens when two or more nodes transmit at the same time in a random access MAC protocol?

A collision occurs Signup and view all the answers

What is the information stored in each entry of a switch table?

MAC address of host, interface to reach host, time stamp Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a switch receives a frame and the destination is not in the switch table?

The switch broadcasts the frame to all interfaces except the one it received the frame on. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a switch in a network?

To connect multiple devices together and forward frames selectively. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which a switch learns which hosts can be reached through which interfaces?

Self-learning Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial state of a switch table?

Empty Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which a switch sends frames selectively based on the destination MAC address?

Forwarding Signup and view all the answers