Nettie Stevens and George Washington Carver
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Questions and Answers

What organism did Nettie Stevens primarily study to examine chromosomal behavior related to sex determination?

  • Mealworms (correct)
  • Fruit flies
  • Grasshoppers
  • Butterflies

    • Which of the following statements accurately reflects a milestone in Nettie Stevens’s career?

  • She earned her PhD from Bryn Mawr in 1903. (correct)
  • She first published her findings in 1900.
  • She was the first female professor at Stanford University.
  • She received a research grant from the National Science Foundation.

    • What was the implication of Nettie Stevens's discovery on sex determination?

  • It confirmed that only females possess Y chromosomes.
  • It suggested that sex determination was solely dependent on environmental factors.
  • It indicated that sex determination is random and not linked to chromosomes.
  • It established that sex was determined genetically through specific chromosomes. (correct)

    • What notable acknowledgment did Thomas Hunt Morgan give concerning Nettie Stevens's work?

    <p>He recognized her contributions posthumously in 1912.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the predominant belief about sex determination prior to Nettie Stevens's research?

    <p>Sex determination was influenced by external factors like temperature or nutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did George Washington Carver primarily encourage farmers to grow to improve soil nutrients?

    <p>Peanuts, sweet potatoes, and soybeans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution did George Washington Carver direct after obtaining his master's degree?

    <p>Tuskegee Institute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of products did Carver research to create from peanuts, sweet potatoes, and soybeans?

    <p>Commercially viable products, including oils and dyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year did George Washington Carver receive the Spingarn Medal?

    <p>1923</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects Carver's belief about education?

    <p>Education is essential for freedom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary crop in the Southern US before Carver's intervention?

    <p>Cotton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Carver's approach to teaching former slaves?

    <p>He emphasized hands-on sustainable farming methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did Carver's initiatives have on the Southern economy?

    <p>It contributed to significant financial growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nettie Stevens: A Pioneer in Sex Determination

    • Early 20th century biologist
    • Groundbreaking discovery about sex determination
    • Earned a PhD in 1903 from Bryn Mawr
    • Conducted research on chromosomal behavior in mealworms
    • Published her discovery of sex determination in 1905
    • Discovered that males have both X and Y chromosomes, while females only have X chromosomes
    • This discovery linked a physical characteristic (sex) to a specific chromosome, demonstrating that sex is determined genetically
    • Her work was recognized posthumously by Thomas Hunt Morgan

    George Washington Carver: Restoring the Southern Economy

    • African American agricultural scientist
    • Used innovative scientific methods to improve soil and develop new crops
    • Born into slavery in 1864 in Missouri
    • Earned a master's degree in agriculture
    • Became the director of agriculture at Tuskegee Institute in 1896
    • Encouraged farmers to grow peanuts, sweet potatoes, and soybeans to restore depleted soil nutrients
    • Led research on producing commercially viable products from these crops, including oils and dyes
    • His work increased financial yields and made the South a significant contributor to the US agricultural industry
    • Over 47 years, Carver oversaw the Agriculture Department at Tuskegee Institute
    • He trained former slaves in sustainable farming methods
    • He empowered them by teaching methods and techniques for self-sufficiency
    • He received various awards throughout his lifetime, including the Spingarn Medal in 1923.

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    Description

    Explore the contributions of Nettie Stevens in the field of sex determination and George Washington Carver's impact on agriculture. This quiz covers their groundbreaking discoveries and methods that shaped science and agriculture in the early 20th century. Test your knowledge on their life stories and scientific achievements.

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