Nervous System Study Questions: Neuron Anatomy and Functions

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What are the standard anatomical parts of a neuron?

Soma, dendrite, axon; soma contains the nucleus, dendrites receive signals, and axons send signals (correct)
Axon hillock, dendrite, soma; axon hillock receives signals, dendrites are the main cell body, and somas send signals
Axon, nucleus, cell body; axons receive signals, the nucleus is the main cell body, and cell bodies send signals
Dendrite, nucleus, axon; dendrites receive signals, the nucleus is the main cell body, and axons send signals

What is the sequence of events that takes place when a neuron fires?

Hyperpolarization, resting state, depolarization; hyperpolarization leads to the resting state which then triggers depolarization
Resting state, depolarization, hyperpolarization; resting state occurs when the neuron fires, leading to depolarization and then hyperpolarization
Depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization; depolarization is the neuron firing, followed by repolarization and then hyperpolarization (correct)
Resting state, action potential, repolarization; the neuron goes from resting to firing an action potential and then repolarizes

What is the role of hyperpolarization in propagating a nerve impulse?

Hyperpolarization triggers the initial depolarization in a neuron
Hyperpolarization helps in reducing the neuron's excitability after firing (correct)
Hyperpolarization is not involved in propagating nerve impulses
Hyperpolarization increases the rate of firing in a neuron

What is the difference between EPSPs and IPSPs in typical nerve function?

EPSPs increase membrane potential while IPSPs decrease it (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of the peripheral nervous system?

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do reflex arcs work?

Reflex arcs bypass the brain and directly produce a rapid response to a stimulus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ligand-gated channels in propagating a nerve impulse?

Allowing ions to flow in response to neurotransmitter binding (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do EPSPs differ from IPSPs in the context of typical nerve function?

EPSPs increase the likelihood of a neuron firing, while IPSPs decrease it (A) Signup and view all the answers

In neuron function, what role do potassium channels primarily play?

Restoring the resting membrane potential after an action potential (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the autonomic nervous system from the somatic nervous system?

Involuntary control of internal organs vs voluntary control of skeletal muscles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hyperpolarization in propagating a nerve impulse?

Preventing further action potentials from occurring immediately after one (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems differ in their effects on body functions?

Sympathetic prepares the body for fight or flight responses, parasympathetic conserves energy and promotes digestion (D) Signup and view all the answers

Neuron parts

Soma (cell body), dendrites (receive signals), axon (sends signals).

Action Potential Sequence

Depolarization (firing), repolarization (returning to resting), hyperpolarization (undershoot).