L7 Autonomic NS I
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the sensory portion of the nervous system?

  • To detect and transmit different sensations to the central nervous system (correct)
  • To control voluntary movements by descending motor tracts
  • To control involuntary functions by the autonomic nervous system
  • To generate orders to control both voluntary and involuntary functions of the body

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary functions of the body?

  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
  • Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) (correct)
  • Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • Somatic Nervous System (SNS)

What is the primary function of the motor portion of the nervous system?

  • To control involuntary functions by the autonomic nervous system
  • To generate orders to control both voluntary and involuntary functions of the body
  • To detect and transmit different sensations to the central nervous system
  • To control voluntary movements by descending motor tracts (correct)

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for higher brain functions, such as sleep, memory, learning, and emotions?

<p>Central Nervous System (CNS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the Somatic Nervous System (SNS) and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)?

<p>The SNS controls voluntary movements, while the ANS controls involuntary functions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Integrative Centers (CNS) in the nervous system?

<p>To perceive and interpret the meaning of different sensations, and generate orders to control both voluntary and involuntary functions of the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)?

<p>Sympathetic Nervous System (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the autonomic nervous system?

<p>To regulate the fight-or-flight response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system?

<p>Preganglionic neurons are longer, while postganglionic neurons are shorter. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic nervous system?

<p>Acetylcholine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the sympathetic nervous system?

<p>To prepare the body for emergency situations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the ganglia in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

<p>Sympathetic ganglia are located closer to the spinal cord, while parasympathetic ganglia are located closer to the effector organs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main neurotransmitter released by the sympathetic nervous system?

<p>Norepinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

<p>To promote rest and digestion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the neurotransmitters used by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

<p>Sympathetic nerves release norepinephrine, while parasympathetic nerves release acetylcholine. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in terms of their ganglia?

<p>Sympathetic ganglia are located near the spinal cord, while parasympathetic ganglia are located near the effector organs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system?

<p>Long preganglionic fibers and short postganglionic fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the sympathetic nervous system?

<p>Fight or flight response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

<p>Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are short, while parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are long. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system?

<p>Anabolic processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct statement about the origin of the first-order neurons in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

<p>The sympathetic nervous system has a thoracolumbar outflow, while the parasympathetic nervous system has a craniosacral outflow. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the collateral ganglia in the sympathetic nervous system?

<p>They are located around the origin of large blood vessels in the abdomen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the terminal ganglia in the parasympathetic nervous system?

<p>They are very near or even inside the effector organs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the adrenal medulla?

<p>To secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine, reinforcing the sympathetic nervous system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the adrenal medulla stimulated to release its hormones?

<p>By acetylcholine released from preganglionic sympathetic fibers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate ratio of epinephrine to norepinephrine released by the adrenal medulla?

<p>80% epinephrine, 20% norepinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dual mechanism of sympathetic stimulation, and why is it important?

<p>Direct stimulation by sympathetic nerves and indirect stimulation by adrenal medullary hormones; it provides a safety factor in case one mechanism fails (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of action of the hormones released by the adrenal medulla?

<p>Minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the adrenal medulla?

<p>Nervous tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a secretion of the adrenal medulla?

<p>Cortisol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural relationship between the adrenal medulla and the adrenal gland?

<p>The adrenal medulla is the inner part of the adrenal gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?

<p>To regulate involuntary bodily functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the autonomic nervous system differ from the somatic nervous system?

<p>The autonomic nervous system controls smooth and cardiac muscle, while the somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about efferent neurons in the autonomic nervous system is correct?

<p>There are two efferent neurons: preganglionic and postganglionic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurotransmitters is used by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

<p>Acetylcholine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors are found on skeletal muscles?

<p>Nicotinic receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is generally considered the 'fight or flight' system?

<p>Sympathetic division (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the cell bodies of preganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system located?

<p>In the lateral horn cells of the spinal cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the function of the autonomic nervous system is correct?

<p>It can have both excitatory and inhibitory effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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